We just launched a our new Embed.as service to power Rich Embeds on Write.as! This change is largely behind the scenes — our writers can continue sharing links from our many supported providers in their blog posts, and they’ll keep turning into nice embedded content without any extra work.

A new service

A few months ago, we got to work on our very own rich media-embedding service so we could switch away from the previous one we used, Embedly. While it worked well, Embedly was far overpriced for our needs, and didn’t give us the kind of flexibility we wanted, especially for building for an ever-evolving open web.

Now, we’ve launched Embed.as as a totally in-house service to provide this little feature that many of our users enjoy. To use it, you don’t need to go farther than your Write.as editor — simply paste in the URL of any post, video, photo, playlist, etc. on its own line in your blog post (supported sites shown below), and once published, it’ll turn into a gorgeous rendering of whatever content you’re sharing.

Supported Providers

All our Pro users can share content from any of these sites to have them show up nicely in your blog posts:

• Are.na
• Bandcamp
• Bluesky
• Codepen
• Flickr
• Giphy
• Imgur
• Kickstarter
• Mixcloud
• SoundCloud
• Spotify
• Typeform
• Vimeo
• YouTube

Coming up

While this is mostly a behind-the-scenes change today, we have more plans for Embed.as, including bringing Rich Embeds to WriteFreely.

As this launches and more people try it out here on Write.as, we’re going to continue testing in the real world, gathering feedback, improving how it works, and adding providers.

Then beyond that, we’ll add support for WriteFreely admins to connect with Embed.as, so their blog / community can have easy embeds too, using this new privacy-preserving service. Based on the feedback we get, we’ll likely offer this at a very affordable price.

We hope you continue enjoying writing here! You can follow along with Embed.as updates in the fediverse: @embed_as@musing.studio, and if you have any feedback or suggestions, we’d love to hear them on the forum!

A small but helpful fix is out for federated blogs! Now, changes to your blog — title, description, icon, etc. — will all go out to the fediverse, so your followers will always see the most up-to-date version, no matter where they are!

#updates #improvements #fediverse #writeas

I'd honestly enjoy reading many posts by the people here on their own presidential platform. Read this here for the idea behind this post. I'm sure it won't be as popular of a post, but that is fine with me.

I'm a little older than the person posting that and I've still not run for president (don't most people by now?). I honestly never would even if I had the popularity, though I have been told I have been voted for by my brother haha. You can see their post is mostly joking, it reminds me of Vermin Supreme (see here and here for merch), not that their platform is similar but that they kinda seem to see the joke in it all. I actually wear a straw hat, partially because I hate sunscreen! So Cherry really resonated with me.

Just for fun I'd like to share a few tidbits on what ideas and ideals I personally would put as hot topics in my presidential platform.

• Abolish all taxes since it is theft.
• Abolish the federal reserve and all central banking since it is fraud.
• Shift all federal agencies and programs into a voluntary system. For an example make the FDA a voluntary certification program. If a company is not in compliance with FDA regulation they have to explicitly notify those buying or using such products and services. This would apply to the USDA, EPA, CDC, NIH, FTC, and countless other programs of sorts. Use your imagination of sorts to see how a voluntary certificate system could perhaps make this even better than it is – it wouldn't take much.
• Abolish building code. Along with this support and promote an educational program to teach many how to build their own housing from local and low costing materials. Help homeless build affordable and effective low costing housing with straw-bale, rammed earth, earthbag, cob, and more. Take donations to help fund such a thing and bring in skilled workers to help with this. Also promote and support through voluntary means humanure composting toilets, rainwater catchment, greywater systems, and more sustainable solutions to major problems
• To make this post very short (I could go on way too long) I'll skip to the big ones...
• Abolish government
• Abolish presidents
• Now I don't have to show up for the silly job, swear an oath (which I cannot do), and have the deaths of many on my head.

Further digging (repeats):

The Creature from Jekyll Island – by G. Edward Griffin

The Humanure Handbook

Christian Patriotism – Alonzo Trevier Jones

The Kingdom of God is within you – Leo Tolstoy

(Another version here)

Audio book version of “The Kingdom of God is within you”

What I believe – Leo Tolstoy

Audio book version of “What I Believe”

Christian Non-Resistance – Adin Ballou

Audio book version of “Christian Non-Resistance”

https://libertarianinstitute.org/books/voluntaryist-handbook//

Taking my time-:-:-:-with you

The memory of you is still so vivid, clinging to me like warmth on skin. Your body feels so incredibly soft beneath my hands, contrasting with that raw, sharp trace of gasoline in the air.

I can still taste you>>>, every slow, deliberate movement lingering as my tongue circles your nipples, taking my time with you.

<<>>

Every touch is magnified, every breath is heavy, and the sensual charge between us feels impossibly real. ◇ I carry the electric heat of you with me long after we part.

The video call looked entirely ordinary. A finance worker in the Hong Kong office of Arup, the British engineering firm behind the Sydney Opera House and the Beijing National Stadium, sat in front of a screen filled with familiar faces. The company's chief financial officer, based in the United Kingdom, was there. So were several other colleagues, recognisable, talking, moving, present. There had been an email a few days earlier, supposedly from that same CFO, asking for a confidential transaction. The worker had been suspicious. Emails lie. But now here was the CFO himself, on camera, and the request was repeated with the easy authority of a senior executive. Reassured by what he could see and hear, the employee did as he was asked. Over the following days he made fifteen separate transfers, roughly 200 million Hong Kong dollars in total, around 25 million US dollars, into five different bank accounts.

Every other person on that call was a fabrication. The CFO was a deepfake. The colleagues were deepfakes. The entire meeting, the nods and the small talk and the instructions, had been synthesised from publicly available footage of real Arup staff. The only human being in the room was the victim. The fraud was not uncovered by clever technology or a sharp-eyed analyst. It surfaced later, in the most mundane way imaginable, when the employee happened to check in with the company's actual headquarters about the secret payment he had been making. By then the money was gone. Two years on, none of it has been recovered, and nobody has been publicly identified or charged.

The Question We Keep Answering Wrongly

The instinct, reading a story like that, is to ask how the worker could have been fooled, and then to reach for a solution shaped like a better fool-detector. Train staff to spot deepfakes. Buy software that scans video streams for the tell-tale artefacts of synthesis. Teach everyone the current list of giveaways, the unnatural blinking, the odd lighting around the hairline, the faint smear where a jaw meets a neck. This is the reflex of an entire industry, and it is the wrong reflex. It commits us to an arms race we are structurally certain to lose, and it quietly loads the entire weight of defence onto the least reliable component in any system, which is a human being looking at a screen and deciding whether to believe their own eyes.

There is a different question, and it is the one this piece is about. As synthetic deception becomes not merely good but effectively perfect, should our goal be to get better at spotting lies, or to redesign the relationships and everyday processes that currently depend on our ability to detect them at all? The wager here is that the second path is not only possible but already, quietly, winning in the places where people have had the sense to try it. The trick is a reframing so simple it sounds glib until you follow it through. Treat every incoming request as a requirements problem in which the attacker has helpfully written out their preferred solution in advance. Then refuse that solution and satisfy the underlying legitimate need through a channel the attacker cannot reach.

The stakes are not marginal. Long before deepfake video calls entered the picture, the plainest version of this fraud, business email compromise, in which a criminal impersonates a trusted party to redirect a payment, had become one of the most lucrative crimes on earth. The FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center titled a 2024 advisory “Business Email Compromise: The $55 Billion Scam,” reflecting more than 55 billion US dollars in reported losses worldwide over roughly a decade. The trend since has not bent downwards. The Bureau's report for 2025 records 1,008,597 complaints and 20.877 billion dollars in reported losses, a rise of 26 per cent on the year before, with business email compromise accounting for 3.05 billion of that total, the second costliest category of cyber-enabled fraud after investment scams. Every one of those losses turned on someone believing a message that appeared to come from a party they trusted.

That report also does something none of its predecessors did. For the first time it puts a number on the synthetic contribution specifically, attributing more than 30 million dollars of business email compromise losses to scams involving AI, and more than 5 million to distress scams in which voice cloning was used to imitate a relative. Those sums look modest beside the totals, and it would be a mistake to read them as the measure of the problem. They are a floor rather than a ceiling. A victim can only report what they noticed, and the entire purpose of a competent synthetic is that nobody notices; a cloned voice that works leaves behind a complaint about an ordinary fraud, if it leaves behind a complaint at all. What the figures establish is not the scale of the thing but its arrival in the official ledger. Synthetic voice and video do not invent this problem. They industrialise it, removing the last few grammatical tells and stilted phrasings that once let a careful reader smell a rat. If the defence was already asking too much of human vigilance when the bait was a slightly-off email, it is hopeless now that the bait is a flawless face.

An Arms Race Engineered to Be Lost

Start with why detection fails, because the failure is not a temporary shortfall of engineering effort. It is baked into the mathematics.

Deepfake detection is a contest between two systems, a generator that makes synthetic media and a discriminator that tries to tell real from fake. This is not a metaphor. It is close to a literal description of how many generative models are trained in the first place, with a generator and a discriminator locked in competition, each improving at the other's expense. The problem for the defender is that the generator gets the last move. Any detector you deploy becomes, the moment it exists, a training target. Its outputs can be used to refine the next generation of fakes until they slip past. A recent survey of the field described the situation bluntly as an unwinnable arms race, noting that as generative models approach a near-perfect emulation of real data, a discriminator becomes fundamentally limited in its ability to separate the two.

The empirical record is just as discouraging. Detection systems that post impressive accuracy figures in the laboratory tend to collapse in contact with the real world. Studies have found that detectors trained on the output of one generation model can lose up to 60 per cent of their accuracy when shown content from a different model, and that laboratory performance rarely survives the ordinary indignities of the internet, the recompression, the resizing, the screenshotting that real media undergoes before anyone sees it. A detector is only ever trained on yesterday's fakes. The fraudster is always using tomorrow's.

So the asymmetry is total. The defender must catch every fake, in real time, against generators they have never seen, using tools trained on obsolete examples. The attacker needs to win once. Committing your safety to that contest is like proposing to win a footrace against something that accelerates every time you do.

The Dividend That Rewards the Liar

There is a second, subtler cost to leaning on detection, and it deepens the more successfully you evangelise it. The legal scholars Bobby Chesney and Danielle Citron gave it a name in work that began circulating in 2018 and appeared in the California Law Review the following year: the liar's dividend. Their insight was that deepfakes are dangerous not only because they can manufacture convincing falsehoods, but because their mere existence hands a gift to the genuinely guilty. Once the public knows that any video might be synthetic, anyone captured on real footage doing something damaging can simply claim the recording is fake.

The perverse consequence is that the dividend grows in proportion to public awareness. The harder we work to teach everyone that deepfakes are everywhere and undetectable, the more cover we hand to every liar who wants to wave away authentic evidence.

That was a prediction when it was made. It is now a measured effect. A 2024 study in the American Political Science Review put the proposition to more than fifteen thousand people across five survey experiments, and found that politicians who met a scandal by calling the evidence fabricated held on to more support than those who apologised or said nothing. The dividend was largest against written reporting and smallest against video, which is the single crumb of comfort in the finding, and a crumb with an obvious shelf life given where the technology is heading.

It has migrated into the courtroom too. Lawyers acting for Tesla, presented with recordings of Elon Musk making claims about the safety of self-driving cars, declined to confirm that the recordings were authentic, on the reasoning that a man that famous is a natural target for deepfakes. The judge was unimpressed, noting that the argument would let public figures say whatever they liked and afterwards disown it, and ordered Musk to sit for a deposition. In the first trial arising from the January 6 attack on the Capitol, defence counsel pressed an FBI agent on whether the video evidence might have been deepfaked or otherwise altered. Neither attempt succeeded, and that is rather the point: the manoeuvre is now a standard thing to reach for, and it costs nothing to try. A world trained to distrust its own eyes is not a safer world. It is one where truth and falsehood have been flattened into a shrug, and where the burden of proof quietly dissolves.

This is the trap of detection as a strategy. Even when it works it corrodes the thing it was meant to protect, which is a shared confidence that some things can be known. We need an approach that does not require anyone, ever, to look at a piece of media and adjudicate its authenticity.

Reading a Request as an Attacker's Rough Draft

Here is the reframe that changes everything, and it comes not from security folklore but from the discipline of requirements engineering.

When a request arrives, an email from the CFO, a phone call from a panicked relative, a login page asking for your password, it always arrives bundled with a proposed solution. The email does not merely state a need. It prescribes a method: wire the funds to this account, using these details, in this way, now. Security-minded design treats that prescription with the deepest suspicion, because in a fraud the request and the attack are the same object. The attacker has stated their preferred solution up front. The trusted channel, the video call, the caller ID, the familiar logo, is not incidental to the con. It is the payload.

So do not evaluate whether the request is genuine on its own terms. That is playing on the attacker's chosen ground, which is precisely the ground of perception and trust that synthetic media has poisoned. Instead, extract the legitimate underlying requirement, the thing a real CFO would actually need, which is that an authorised payment reaches the right destination, and then satisfy that requirement through a completely different path. A path the attacker never proposed, never expected, and cannot occupy. You do not try to prove the video call was fake. You make it irrelevant by deciding, as a matter of process, that video calls are simply not how payments get authorised. The attacker's carefully crafted solution is invalidated not because it was detected but because it was never a valid channel in the first place.

This is the whole game. Design the channel out. What follows are the places where people already have.

The Phone Call That Would Have Saved Arup

Return to the Hong Kong office and imagine one small rule in place. Any payment instruction above a threshold, no matter how it arrives and no matter how convincing the person delivering it appears, must be confirmed by an outbound call from the finance team to the requesting executive, on a phone number already held in the company directory, not one supplied in the request. This is out-of-band verification, and it is the plainest form of channel invalidation there is.

Notice what it does to the deepfake. The synthetic CFO can be flawless. It can pass every visual test, defeat every detector, sustain a full conversation without a flicker. It changes nothing, because the decision to release funds no longer lives on the video call at all. It lives on a separate channel, initiated by the defender, reaching a destination the attacker does not control. The fraudster has spent enormous effort perfecting a solution to the wrong problem. They optimised for being believed on the call. The process never asked the call to be believed.

The critical detail is the direction and the source of the confirmation. It must be outbound, dialled by the person doing the paying, and it must use contact details established in advance, never details helpfully provided within the suspicious request itself. A fraudster who can insert their own callback number has simply extended their channel, not been forced off it. This is the difference between verification that closes the loop through trusted ground and verification that lets the attacker draw the loop for you. The tragedy of Arup is that the fraud eventually came to light through exactly this kind of independent check, an employee contacting the real headquarters, only after the money had left, rather than before it as a condition of release.

A Word Only Your Family Knows, and a Taxi You Book Yourself

The same logic scales all the way down to the most intimate fraud of the age. Criminals can now clone a person's voice from as little as three seconds of audio, scraped from a social media clip, and use it to call an older relative with a manufactured emergency. A grandchild in a cell, a child in a crash, a frightened voice that sounds unmistakably like family, and an urgent demand for money before anyone can think. In the United Kingdom the messaging version, the “Hi Mum” scam, has run for years, and newer variants now layer cloned voice notes on top of the text. The figures that exist are grim and almost certainly too small. Action Fraud logged around 1.5 million pounds of losses in under twenty weeks of 2022, and half a million in seventeen weeks of 2023. Researchers at University College London, who spent thirteen weeks in conversation with the scammers themselves and were asked for 577,792 pounds in that period alone, put the minimum true annual loss in Britain at 2.3 million. Every one of those numbers is a floor. This kind of fraud is heavily under-reported, partly because victims take it to their bank rather than to the police, and partly because very few people want to sit down and compose a formal statement explaining that they were talked out of their money by somebody pretending to be their child.

You cannot out-listen this. A parent will not reliably distinguish a three-second clone of their own child from the real thing, and asking them to try is cruel and futile. So both the FBI and the Federal Trade Commission now recommend something that has nothing to do with detection at all: a family safe word. A single unguessable phrase, agreed in advance, never posted online, that anyone claiming a genuine emergency must be able to produce. The advice pairs it with a second habit, hanging up and calling the person back on a number you already have.

Look at the structure and it is identical to the corporate case. The requirement is to know that the person in distress is really your kin. The attacker's proposed solution is the recognisable voice, the channel they have poisoned. The safe word invalidates that channel by moving the proof to a shared secret the voice clone does not possess, and the callback moves it to a line the impersonator does not hold. A perfect clone of a voice that does not know the word is a perfect clone of nothing. The synthesis, however good, is aimed at a lock that is no longer on the door. And unlike a training programme in scepticism, which decays and demands constant vigilance, the safe word asks almost nothing of the frightened person on the receiving end. They do not have to stay calm, or reason clearly, or resist a masterful performance of panic. They have to remember to ask one question that the machine on the other end cannot answer.

There is something stronger still, and it is stronger precisely because it does not depend on the safe word working. Every authentication test can fail in two directions. It can admit an impostor, and it can shut out the very person it was built to admit. A frightened teenager in a police station at three in the morning may simply not retrieve an agreed phrase under that much adrenaline, and a competent fraudster arrives already carrying a reason the phrase cannot be produced, a borrowed handset, an officer listening in, a story assembled in advance to explain the gap.

To see why that matters, picture the call as it actually arrives, rather than as it looks in a leaflet about scam awareness. It is three in the morning. You have had a long day, a heavy meal and a few glasses of wine, and you surface from sleep into a conversation that is already under way. It is your daughter. The voice is hers, not an approximation of hers, and she is upset in the particular way you have heard her be upset since she was nine years old. She has been out in the city, she has lost her purse, her phone is nearly dead, and she cannot get home. A cab at that hour will be about a hundred pounds. Nothing in the story is exotic. Nothing in the sum is alarming. You are not being asked to authorise a seven-figure transfer to an unfamiliar corporate account in another jurisdiction, with all the natural friction that such a request would meet. You are being asked for a taxi fare by your own child, which is one of the most ordinary transactions in family life, and the only unusual feature of the entire exchange is the hour, which is exactly the hour at which somebody would lose a purse in a city.

That modesty is not an accident of the story. It is where the economics of the attack have driven it, and the reasoning is worth following because it runs directly against the folklore. A usable clone of a voice now takes something on the order of three seconds of audio. Once that pipeline exists, the marginal cost of producing one more call is effectively nothing. Not low. Nothing worth counting. And when the cost of an attempt falls to nothing, the attempt stops being a craft and becomes a volume business. There is no longer any reason to research one wealthy family for a fortnight and stake the whole operation on a single rehearsed performance, when software that can place a call, hold a conversation and improvise around an answer can be pointed at a list and left running. Whether the true figure is dozens of such calls a day or many thousands is beside the point, and nobody should pretend to know it. The point is that nothing in the cost structure argues for restraint. None of this requires a statistic to see. It follows from the shape of the ledger.

Now follow what free volume does to the size of the ask, because it inverts the oldest tell in the genre. When each attempt is expensive, the demand has to be large to be worth making, and the classic emergency scam duly demanded a great deal. I need two thousand pounds tonight or I am going to prison carries its own warning, because the magnitude is itself the thing that makes a parent stop, breathe and telephone somebody else. Suspicion is triggered by size. A hundred pounds for a taxi triggers nothing whatsoever. It sits beneath the threshold at which anyone begins to interrogate a request, and beneath the threshold at which most people would feel able to interrogate it even if they wished to, since demanding proof of identity before releasing a cab fare feels grotesquely out of proportion to the amount at stake. A small ask therefore converts at a far higher rate than a large one, and when volume is free, the conversion rate is the only variable that matters. A modest sum extracted often will comfortably out-earn a spectacular sum extracted once in a hundred attempts.

So the incentives push the whole category in a single direction, towards requests that are small, plausible, emotionally ordinary and entirely unremarkable. That is precisely the region in which human suspicion is least likely to fire, and precisely the region in which the standard advice, watch for the red flags, is at its most useless, because there is no flag to watch for. The story is mundane. The sum is trivial. The voice is your daughter's. The only thing wrong with the request is that it is not true, and that is the one property of it you cannot observe.

Which is why the answer cannot live in the assessment of the request at all. Push the reframe that runs through this entire argument one level deeper, from who is calling to what is being asked for. Send a hundred pounds to this account, right now, is not a need. It is a proposed solution, drafted by whoever is on the line, and in a fraud the proposal is the attack. Beneath it sits a requirement, and requirements can nearly always be satisfied in more than one way. Your daughter, stranded across the city at three in the morning, does not need a hundred pounds in an account you have never seen before tonight. She needs to get home safely. So book the taxi yourself, from your own phone, to your own address, and tell the caller that the car is coming. Or get into your own car and go and fetch her.

The same is true of the other everyday version of the call. Your mother telephones from the supermarket. Her card has been declined at the checkout, the trolley is full, there are grandchildren hanging off the side of it and a queue lengthening behind her, and she needs a hundred and fifty pounds. This is genuinely distressing and entirely credible, because cards fail for a dozen dull reasons and invariably choose the worst possible moment to do it. But she does not need a hundred and fifty pounds. She needs her shopping paid for, and a supermarket is perfectly capable of taking payment from you over its own telephone, on a number you have looked up yourself rather than one you have been given. Someone under arrest does not need bail money within the hour either. They need legal representation, which is arranged through a solicitor and confirmed on the police station's own published number. In every case the need survives intact. Only the payment route disappears.

Consider now the two people who might be at the other end of that call. A real relative is usually relieved. They named a sum because money looked like the obvious instrument, not because money was the point, and a cab already on its way solves their night rather better than a transfer they would still have to spend. A fraudster can accept none of it, and cannot say why. Their requirement was never transport or a solicitor or a trolley of shopping. It was irreversible funds landing in an account they control, and a taxi paid for by somebody else satisfies precisely none of that. So they have to argue. Why the cab will not do, why the shop cannot be telephoned, why the solicitor is not an option, why it has to be this account and it has to be now, and why every safe route to the very thing they said they needed is somehow the one route that will not work. That escalating refusal to let the stated need be met by any other means is the tell, and it is the process that produces it rather than the ear.

This is the family protocol at its most complete, because at no point does it require you to decide whether the voice is real. The safe word still poses a question and waits on an answer that may never come. Meeting the requirement instead of the request asks nothing of your judgement at all. You can be entirely taken in at three in the morning, believe every syllable, and be out nothing but the twenty minutes it took to book a cab that nobody climbed into. It also keeps compassion intact under uncertainty, which is what the standard advice quietly sacrifices, since hanging up on somebody who might be your child in real trouble is a hard thing to ask of anybody, and asking it of them at three in the morning is harder still. The real emergency is answered at once. The manufactured one collapses, not because anybody saw through the fake but because the one thing the attacker wanted was the one thing never on offer. And note that none of it turns on the size of the request, which matters more than it first appears now that the economics have driven the asking price down below the level at which anyone thinks to be suspicious. The move works identically at a hundred pounds and at twenty five million dollars, because it never once asks whether the amount looks wrong.

The Bank That Stopped Trusting the Name on the Screen

Financial infrastructure has been quietly rebuilding itself along these lines for years, largely out of public view. Two examples stand out because they attack fraud not by spotting bad actors but by removing the conditions the fraud depends on.

The first is Confirmation of Payee, the account-name-checking service that has been mandatory across the British payments system since 2020. When you set up a payment, the scheme checks whether the name you have entered actually matches the name on the destination account, and warns you when it does not. Authorised push payment fraud, the category that includes most impersonation scams, relies on the victim believing they are paying a trusted party while the money in fact flows to the criminal. Confirmation of Payee attacks the join between the story and the destination. It does not care how persuasive the fraudster was. It checks, mechanically, whether the account the victim is about to pay belongs to who they think it does. After introducing it, Lloyds reported a 31 per cent reduction in this kind of fraud, and by late 2024 the regulator had extended coverage to the overwhelming majority of British bank transfers, with millions of checks running every day.

It would be wrong to present that as a cure. Confirmation of Payee shut one specific gap, the mismatch between the name a victim believes they are paying and the account that actually receives the money, but authorised push payment fraud has gone on growing and mutating around it, and the researchers who documented the “Hi Mum” scam describe it as an entirely new species of the same crime, one a name check does nothing to stop, because the fraudster supplies the account name along with the number. No single control ends a category of fraud, which is precisely why the argument here is for a layered design discipline rather than for one clever mechanism.

The second is positive pay, a long-standing corporate banking service in the United States, worth studying because its default is so instructive. A company sends its bank a list of the cheques it has legitimately issued, with the numbers, amounts and payees. When a cheque is presented, the bank pays it only if it matches the list. Anything that does not match is not paid pending review. The default is no. Trust is not extended and then withdrawn on suspicion. It is withheld until a positive, pre-established match grants it. A forged cheque does not need to be recognised as forged. It simply fails to appear on the list of things the account holder said they would honour, and that absence, not any act of detection, is what stops it.

There is a third move in British payments, and it is not a mechanism at all. Since 7 October 2024, payment firms have been obliged to reimburse victims of authorised push payment fraud up to 85,000 pounds a claim, with the cost of that reimbursement split equally between the firm that sent the money and the firm that received it. Read the split carefully, because it is the whole of the idea. The receiving firm, the one that banked the fraudster, had until then no particular financial reason to care very much who it was banking. It now pays half of whatever its customer takes.

This is the liability version of designing the channel out. It stops asking whether the victim ought to have known better, which is the same losing question as whether they ought to have spotted the fake, and places the cost on the institutions that designed the process the victim was moving through. The people who can actually change the architecture are handed a direct financial reason to change it. Incentive follows design responsibility, and it is remarkable how rarely anybody arranges things that way round.

The early evidence is that this works in the dull, mechanical fashion good incentives tend to. An independent evaluation for the regulator, published this July, found that losses within the scheme's scope had fallen by an estimated 73 million pounds a year, that the number of scams had dropped by nearly thirty-five thousand, that reimbursement of in-scope claims had reached 97 per cent, and, most tellingly of all, that the largest improvements came from precisely those firms with the worst fraud levels before the rule existed. Predictions that firms would flee the market or that consumers, insured against their own carelessness, would become reckless did not materialise. Nobody in this story got better at recognising a fraudster. The bill simply began arriving at the address where the design decisions were made.

The Login That Cannot Be Phished

The most complete example of detection-independent design is one that billions of people now use without knowing its name. It is the passkey, and the standards beneath it, FIDO2 and WebAuthn, are worth understanding precisely because they make an entire category of attack structurally impossible rather than merely detectable. The scale has stopped being niche while nobody was watching. On World Passkey Day this May the FIDO Alliance put the number in circulation worldwide at around five billion, with 75 per cent of the people it surveyed having enabled one on at least one account and 90 per cent now aware the things exist at all.

Password phishing is the original synthetic-deception fraud. A fake page impersonates a real one, and the human, unable to tell the counterfeit from the genuine article, hands over their credentials. Two decades of defence have consisted largely of asking people to look harder, to inspect the address bar, to hover over links, to develop a sixth sense for the fraudulent. It has not worked, because it is the same losing bet as deepfake detection, human perception against an adversary who controls the appearance of things.

FIDO2 refuses the bet entirely. When you register a passkey, your device generates a cryptographic key pair. The private key never leaves your hardware, protected inside a secure element. The website only ever receives the public half. When you log in, the site sends a challenge, your device signs it with the private key, and, this is the load-bearing part, the signature is cryptographically bound to the exact web origin making the request. Your browser will not release a credential to a domain that does not match the one it was created for. Full stop. There is no dialogue box, no judgement call, no moment where a tired human decides whether the site looks right. If a phishing page is even one character off in its address, the credential is simply never offered. The user cannot be tricked into handing it over because there is no longer anything to hand over and no human decision in the loop to subvert. The American standards body has since written the architecture into its rulebook, the current NIST Digital Identity Guidelines treating synced passkeys as phishing-resistant for exactly this reason, that the key pair is constrained to the domain in which it was created, and admitting them up to the second of its three assurance levels.

The results are not theoretical. Google mandated physical security keys for its entire workforce, more than 85,000 people, in early 2017, and subsequently reported that not a single employee had been successfully phished on their work account since. Not few. None. That is what it looks like when you stop trying to detect an attack and instead engineer away the conditions that let it exist. The phishing page can be a flawless replica. It is aimed at a lock that no longer accepts the key it is trying to steal.

Signing Reality Instead of Interrogating It

Even where the goal is to know whether a piece of media is authentic, the winning approach inverts the problem. Rather than examining a photograph or a video after the fact for signs of fakery, an unwinnable inspection, you attach a verifiable record of provenance at the moment of creation and carry it forward through every edit.

This is the work of the Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity, known as C2PA, an open standards body formed in 2021 by founding members including Adobe, Arm, the BBC, Intel, Microsoft and the verification firm Truepic, and now steered by a roster that has grown to include Amazon, Google, Meta, OpenAI, Sony and others under the umbrella of the Linux Foundation. Its output is a technical specification, Content Credentials, that records who made a piece of content, when, with what tools, whether AI was involved, and every meaningful edit since. Crucially, that record is cryptographically hashed and signed, making it tamper-evident. Alter the media and break the seal, and the tampering shows.

The philosophical move here is exactly the one this whole argument turns on. As the standard's own advocates put it, Content Credentials do not tell you whether a piece of content is true. They tell you where it came from and what has been done to it. Provenance replaces perception. Instead of asking the impossible question, is this image fake, which pits the viewer against the full power of a generator, you ask an answerable one, does this image carry an intact, signed chain of custody back to a source I trust. The absence of credentials is not proof of forgery, and the presence of them is not proof of virtue, but the framework shifts the ground from the ungrounded adjudication of pixels to the verifiable adjudication of cryptography. It is significant enough that national security agencies have begun publishing guidance recommending exactly this approach for defending the integrity of multimedia in the generative era, and that image generators such as OpenAI's now attach these credentials to what they produce.

Until very recently the obvious objection to all this was that it is voluntary, and that a standard nobody is obliged to implement is a standard the fraudulent will simply decline to use. That objection is expiring. The coalition passed six thousand members and affiliates in January of this year. Credential creation has moved out of professional tooling and into ordinary consumer hardware, with Google's Pixel 10 signing photographs in the camera application itself and Samsung's Galaxy S25 range attaching credentials to images its own AI tools have altered. And the practice is turning into a legal requirement. Article 50 of the European Union's AI Act, which obliges providers to mark synthetic audio, image, video and text in a machine-readable format, applies from 2 August, which is now a matter of days away. California's AI Transparency Act, originally due to commence in January, was amended to begin on that same date.

Notice what that says about the direction of travel. Nobody has legislated a duty to detect deepfakes, because no such duty could be discharged; you cannot write into law an obligation to win an arms race. What is being legislated instead is a duty to declare provenance at the moment of creation, which can be discharged, by machines, at scale, without asking a single human being to look at an image and adjudicate. That is what it looks like from the outside when a detection-independent approach wins the argument.

Never Trust, Always Verify, at Machine Scale

The most systemic expression of this philosophy has a name that has become a corporate buzzword and deserves rescuing from it: zero trust. Codified by the American National Institute of Standards and Technology in its Special Publication 800-207 in 2020, the model rests on a phrase that sounds paranoid until you realise it is simply the mature response to undetectable deception. Never trust, always verify.

Traditional security built a hard perimeter and trusted everything inside it, the digital equivalent of checking identity at the front door and then letting anyone who got past it roam the building. Zero trust abolishes the inside. Every request for a resource, regardless of where it originates, must be authenticated, authorised and continuously validated, and is granted only the minimum privilege required to do the specific task at hand. No actor is trusted by default on the strength of appearing to belong.

Read that through the lens of synthetic fraud and it is the same design principle industrialised. A deepfake, a cloned voice, a spoofed email, a stolen session, all of them are attempts to appear to belong, to be trusted on the basis of how they present. A system that extends no default trust to presentation, that insists on fresh cryptographic proof for every action and confines every actor to least authority, is a system to which a convincing appearance simply buys nothing. The impersonation may be perfect. Perfection of appearance is precisely the currency the architecture refuses to accept.

Five Principles for a World You Cannot Verify by Eye

Pull these examples together and a coherent design discipline emerges, one that any organisation, and to a surprising degree any family, can adopt without waiting for better detectors that are never going to arrive.

The first principle is to verify the requirement, not the requester. Do not spend your effort deciding whether the person or the message in front of you is genuine, a judgement the attacker has spent their entire effort corrupting. Identify the legitimate need underneath the request and satisfy it through a channel of your own choosing. The Arup callback, the family safe word and the whole logic of out-of-band confirmation live here. So does the harder version, satisfying the stated need by a route of your own, since a caller who will accept only one route has told you what the request was really for.

The second is to prefer structural impossibility over probabilistic detection. Wherever you can, choose designs that make an attack fail by construction rather than designs that try to notice it happening. A passkey that cannot be surrendered to the wrong domain is categorically safer than a filter that tries to spot the wrong domain, because the former has no failure mode that depends on being observant at the right instant.

The third is to make the default deny, and require positive, pre-established confirmation to proceed. Positive pay honours only what was declared in advance. Confirmation of Payee refuses to let a mismatched name pass silently. A system whose resting state is no, released only by an affirmative match, does not have to recognise a threat in order to stop it. It only has to fail to recognise a friend, which is a far safer way to be wrong.

The fourth is to choose provenance over perception. When authenticity genuinely matters, bind a verifiable, tamper-evident record to the thing at the point of creation and check that record, rather than interrogating the finished artefact with your senses. Cryptographic chains of custody are the answer to a world in which the artefact itself can be perfectly counterfeited.

The fifth, underpinning all the others, is to refuse to make the human the last line of defence. Every design above shares a refusal to load the final, irreversible decision onto a person's ability to detect a fake under pressure. Google did not train 85,000 people to spot better phishing pages. It removed the possibility that spotting was required. The safe word does not ask a frightened grandparent to become a forensic audio analyst. It gives them a rule a machine cannot satisfy. The kindest and most robust systems assume the human will be fooled, because eventually, against a good enough fake, they will be, and they arrange things so that being fooled is not catastrophic.

Designing So That Belief Is No Longer Load-Bearing

None of this means detection has no place. A deepfake screener at the edge of a video platform, a provenance signal in a newsroom, a filter that culls the most obvious fraud before it reaches a human, all have value as friction, as triage, as one layer among many. The error is to make detection the thing your safety rests on, to treat the arms race as winnable and the human eye as a reliable sensor. It is neither.

The deeper shift is almost philosophical. For most of history, trust between people and institutions has been mediated by perception. We believed a face we recognised, a voice we knew, a letterhead, a familiar login screen. Synthetic media has quietly severed the link between how something appears and what it is, and no amount of squinting will reconnect it. The mature response is not to squint harder. It is to stop making belief load-bearing. To build relationships and processes in which the question is never whether this looks real, but whether it can complete a path that a counterfeit cannot walk, a callback answered on a known line, a word only kin possess, a need met by a route the caller did not choose, a signature bound to the true domain, an account name that matches, a credential that cannot be surrendered to a stranger.

The engineers who fell victim in Hong Kong were not foolish. They were placed, by a process that trusted appearances, in a position no human should be asked to occupy, adjudicating in real time the authenticity of a flawless fabrication, with millions of dollars riding on the guess. The lesson is not that they should have looked harder. It is that they should never have had to look at all. Every incoming request already contains the attacker's preferred solution, stated plainly and dressed in whatever trust the moment allows. Our task is not to see through the disguise. It is to build a world where the disguise, however perfect, opens nothing.

References

1. CNN Business, “Arup revealed as victim of $25 million deepfake scam involving Hong Kong employee,” 16 May 2024. https://www.cnn.com/2024/05/16/tech/arup-deepfake-scam-loss-hong-kong-intl-hnk
2. Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3), “Business Email Compromise: The $55 Billion Scam,” 11 September 2024. https://www.ic3.gov/PSA/2024/PSA240911
3. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Internet Crime Complaint Center, “2025 Internet Crime Report,” 2026. https://www.ic3.gov/AnnualReport/Reports/2025_IC3Report.pdf
4. arXiv, “The Unwinnable Arms Race of AI Image Detection,” 2025. https://arxiv.org/html/2509.21135
5. Robert Chesney and Danielle Citron, “Deep Fakes: A Looming Challenge for Privacy, Democracy, and National Security,” California Law Review, vol. 107, 2019. https://www.californialawreview.org/print/deep-fakes-a-looming-challenge-for-privacy-democracy-and-national-security
6. Kaylyn Jackson Schiff, Daniel S. Schiff and Natalia S. Bueno, “The Liar's Dividend: Can Politicians Claim Misinformation to Evade Accountability?,” American Political Science Review, 2024. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/liars-dividend-can-politicians-claim-misinformation-to-evade-accountability/687FEE54DBD7ED0C96D72B26606AA073
7. Thomson Reuters Institute, “Deepfakes on trial: How judges are navigating AI evidence authentication,” 8 May 2025. https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en-us/posts/ai-in-courts/deepfakes-evidence-authentication/
8. American Bar Association, “Deepfakes and Digital Evidence at Trial: Who Are You Going to Believe, the AI or Your Lying Eyes?,” 2024. https://www.americanbar.org/groups/gpsolo/resources/magazine/2024-may-june/deepfakes-digital-evidence-trial/
9. Federal Communications Commission, “'Grandparent' Scams Get More Sophisticated.” https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/scam-alert/grandparent-scams-get-more-sophisticated
10. CBS News, “AI voice scams are on the rise. Here's how to protect yourself.” https://www.cbsnews.com/news/elder-scams-family-safe-word/
11. Sharad Agarwal, Emma Harvey, Enrico Mariconti, Guillermo Suarez-Tangil and Marie Vasek, “'Hey mum, I dropped my phone down the toilet': Investigating Hi Mum and Dad SMS Scams in the United Kingdom,” 34th USENIX Security Symposium, 2025. https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity25/presentation/agarwal-sharad
12. Pay.UK, “Confirmation of Payee.” https://www.wearepay.uk/what-we-do/overlay-services/confirmation-of-payee/
13. Payment Systems Regulator, “PSR finalises plans for the wider implementation of fraud prevention tool, Confirmation of Payee.” https://www.psr.org.uk/news-and-updates/latest-news/news/psr-finalises-plans-for-the-wider-implementation-of-fraud-prevention-tool-confirmation-of-payee/
14. Payment Systems Regulator, “PS24/7 Faster Payments APP scams reimbursement requirement: Confirming the maximum level of reimbursement,” 2 October 2024. https://www.psr.org.uk/publications/policy-statements/ps247-faster-payments-app-scams-reimbursement-requirement-confirming-the-maximum-level-of-reimbursement/
15. Payment Systems Regulator, “Payment fraud falls by GBP 73m following PSR reimbursement scheme,” 1 July 2026. https://www.psr.org.uk/news-and-updates/latest-news/news/payment-fraud-falls-by-73m-following-psr-reimbursement-scheme/
16. Regions Bank, “Positive Pay: Detect & Prevent Check Fraud.” https://www.regions.com/commercial-banking/treasury-management/fraud-prevention-resources/positive-pay
17. FIDO Alliance, “FIDO Alliance Reports Accelerating Global Passkey Adoption on World Passkey Day 2026,” 7 May 2026. https://fidoalliance.org/fido-alliance-reports-accelerating-global-passkey-adoption-on-world-passkey-day-2026/
18. National Institute of Standards and Technology, “Digital Identity Guidelines: Authentication and Authenticator Management,” NIST Special Publication 800-63B-4, August 2025. https://pages.nist.gov/800-63-4/sp800-63b.html
19. Krebs on Security, “Google: Security Keys Neutralized Employee Phishing,” 24 July 2018. https://krebsonsecurity.com/2018/07/google-security-keys-neutralized-employee-phishing/
20. Content Authenticity Initiative, “The State of Content Authenticity in 2026,” 18 January 2026. https://contentauthenticity.org/blog/the-state-of-content-authenticity-in-2026
21. C2PA, “Providing Origins of Media Content.” https://c2pa.org/
22. National Security Agency, “Strengthening Multimedia Integrity in the Generative AI Era,” January 2025. https://media.defense.gov/2025/Jan/29/2003634788/-1/-1/0/CSI-CONTENT-CREDENTIALS.PDF
23. European Union Artificial Intelligence Act, “Article 50: Transparency Obligations for Providers and Deployers of Certain AI Systems.” https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/article/50/
24. California Legislative Information, “SB 942: California AI Transparency Act.” https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB942
25. National Institute of Standards and Technology, “Zero Trust Architecture,” NIST Special Publication 800-207, August 2020. https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/sp/800/207/final

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Tim Green UK-based Systems Theorist & Independent Technology Writer

Tim explores the intersections of artificial intelligence, decentralised cognition, and posthuman ethics. His work, published at smarterarticles.co.uk, challenges dominant narratives of technological progress while proposing interdisciplinary frameworks for collective intelligence and digital stewardship.

His writing has been featured on Ground News and shared by independent researchers across both academic and technological communities.

ORCID: 0009-0002-0156-9795 Email: tim@smarterarticles.co.uk

Listen to the free weekly SmarterArticles Podcast

I recently started reading Becky Chambers, one of the leading voices of cozy sci-fi. As she neatly sums it up:

Cozy science fiction can be very simply summed up as stories that tell you that the future can be good.

Although I love dystopias, I believe cozy SF has an essential place. Endless pessimism simply isn't healthy.

More recently, I read Way Station by Clifford #Simak. Amazing novel! Even though it was written decades ago, it captures the core elements of cozy SF: optimism, quietness, slowness, a sense of wonder, and meaningful connections.

One detail in particular caught my attention: Enoch Wallace, the protagonist, takes daily walks. Walking is a key part of his routine, and lately, it has become part of mine too.

Motion is lotion

Three months ago, I started walking just 30 minutes a day to move a bit more. Since then, I’ve gradually increased the distance to 15,000–20,000 steps a day, split into two sessions. It has done me a world of good and made my daily life feel noticeably cosier. In many ways, walking is typically “cosy”. It slows down time and creates space for mind wandering, it lessens anxiety, boost mood for the whole day once you walk enough, and bring a thousand other benefits.

If you decide to pick up the habit, start small. Don't overdo it at first, and gradually increase. Overtraining is a real thing.

To bring things full circle: if you want to delve into cozy SF yourself, I highly recommend Becky Chambers' Monk & Robot novellas duology. Here's the Wiki page dedicated to the first of them.

#thoughts

Image: Julia Royer (copyright 2026)

In Summary: * Yard work and baseball, that sums up this Tuesday. An hour and a half this morning working in the back yard and the big green organics bin is now totally stuffed, ready for its collection on Thursday morning.

Earlier this afternoon I stumbled onto a Triple-A Minor League Baseball Game being broadcast live on MLB Network. It was great fun watching the Tacoma Rainiers playing the Sacramento River Cats. That game ended just a few minutes ago, and I'm now listening to the Rangers Gameday Pregame Show ahead of tonight's MLB Rangers vs Rays Game.

All things considered, this has been a pretty good day in the Roscoe-verse.

Prayers, etc.: * I have a daily prayer regimen I try to follow throughout the day from early morning, as soon as I roll out of bed, until head hits pillow at night.

Health Metrics: * bw= 228.40 lbs. * bp= 122/73 (76)

Exercise: * morning stretches, balance exercises, kegel pelvic floor exercises, half squats, calf raises, wall push-ups, BP breathing exercises, pilates

Diet: * 05:05 – 1 banana * 05:30 – 1 peanut butter sandwich * 06:00 – 1 ham & cheese sandwich * 13:00 – baked salmon with spinach and mushroom sauce * 15:30 – dish of ice cream

Activities, Chores, etc.: * 03:00 – listen to local news talk radio * 03:30 – bank accounts activity monitored. * 05:20 – read, write, pray, follow news reports from various sources, surf the socials, nap * 08:45 – stock recently arrived groceries. * 10:00 to 11:40 – yard work, cutting and carrying branches, mowing into the back yard jungle, loading the big green organics bin for the Thursday collection * 13:00 – watch old game shows and eat lunch at home with Sylvia * 14:40 – now watching Triple-A Minor League Baseball on MLB Network, Sacramento River Cats vs Tacoma Rainiers, in the 3rd inning Tacoma leads 1 to 0. * 16:50 – Tacoma wins this one, 8 to 4 * 17:00 – Now tuned into 105.3 The Fan, DFW's #1 Sports Station, ahead of this tonight's Rangers vs Rays MLB game. I plan to stay here for the radio-call of the game.

Chess: * 14:30 – moved in all pending CC games

The moon is full behind a thin veil of clouds, looking almost orange against the late summer night sky’s deep but not dark blue

I’m on vacation at a castle, this month’s salary spent already on halloumi burgers with home made french fries

Here in my room I glimpse it (the moon) through the open window. I hear the blowing fan sounding like the rustling of leaves outside. And sometimes a car in the distance, or someone french sounding carelessly talking to someone right outside.

Upsetting the dogs of course

I thought of my neurotic black dog again today when I ate the burger; he freaks out about things only his keen dog ears can hear, or if there’s unexpected movements at the corner of his eye or if another dog walks by,

I think that there’s no way for him to know that those sounds or dogs aren’t dangerous; in reality there’s no way to know for sure — what if one of these guys with a Sabaton t-shirt hates dogs and tries to kidnap him or worse? It’s by being careful that we as species can survive. At least some specimen of each kind ought to have this vivid imagination for spotting danger

But it’s exhausting to worry about everything, life may pass you by and you might’ve been too worried about what might go wrong to live, and it ends with death even for the most careful

I thought about there was this Norwegian doctor who said something along the line that you extend your life by jogging, but maybe not by more than the time spent doing it, so you better like it. Or something to that effect.

Maybe it’s the same with worrying, that maybe you’ll live longer due to being able to avoid potential dangers, but the price you pay for it is pretty high, so you better enjoy worrying.

Auf der Museumsinsel – 15. Juli

Heute bin ich nach einem Tag im Hotel endlich wieder in die Stadt gegangen. Ich verstehe, dass die Zeit sehr schnell vergeht und dass ich sie vielleicht besser nutzen sollte, um noch mehr zu erkunden, aber leider kann ich nicht ununterbrochen produktiv sein. Meine Freundin hat mir heute eine goldene Idee gegeben. Sie hat mir empfohlen, einen Monat lang zu versuchen, mich selbst nicht zu kritisieren. Dann erzählte sie mir, wie sich ein solches Experiment auf sie selbst ausgewirkt hat. Und da habe ich gedacht, dass wir Litauer wirklich sehr kritisch mit uns selbst umgehen. Wir wollen immer viel schaffen, schnell arbeiten und dabei noch eine hohe Qualität liefern. Wir stellen sehr hohe Anforderungen an uns selbst und haben die Tendenz, uns große Vorwürfe zu machen, wenn etwas nicht so gut läuft. Hoffentlich ist die jüngere Generation in dieser Hinsicht schon gesünder und trägt weniger davon mit sich herum, denn es kann sehr belastend sein. Ich gehöre noch zu der Generation, die von sowjetisch geprägten Eltern großgezogen wurde. Mit „sowjetisch geprägt“ meine ich, dass unsere Eltern ihre Jugend und ihre prägenden Jahre noch während der Sowjetzeit erlebt haben. Deshalb waren sie oft vorsichtiger, vieles machte ihnen Angst, und möglicherweise haben sie etwas von dieser Unsicherheit und Unruhe an ihre Kinder weitergegeben.

Meine Therapie wird also ähnlich aussehen: Ich versuche jetzt, ohne ständige Selbstkritik und in meinem eigenen Tempo hier alles zu machen.

Heute wollte ich die Museumsinsel besuchen und vielleicht noch irgendein Museum dort. Ich hatte entdeckt, dass es dort ein Tastmodell der gesamten Museumsinsel gibt. Also wäre es logisch, zunächst dieses Modell zu finden und erst einmal die Insel selbst zu ertasten. Auf der BfB-Website gab es eine Wegbeschreibung, also haben wir unser ganzes Equipment zusammengesammelt und sind auf Expedition gegangen.

Für diesen Test der Wegbeschreibung haben wir beschlossen, nur die Handykamera und die Kamera meiner Brille zu benutzen. Technisch ist aber auch das nicht besonders einfach, denn irgendwo muss ich gleichzeitig noch die Wegbeschreibung lesen. Dieses Mal habe ich sie auf dem Handy geöffnet und sofort gemerkt, wie unbequem diese Variante im Vergleich zu Braille-Notizen ist. Besonders dann, wenn man schon bei den späteren Schritten der Beschreibung angekommen ist. Man muss zunächst den Anfang überspringen und sich bis zu den letzten Anweisungen durchscrollen.

Für Muttersprachler oder Menschen mit sehr guten Sprachkenntnissen funktioniert das vielleicht anders – sie können die Informationen aus dem laufenden Text heraushören und direkt verarbeiten. Ich möchte aber immer die Details und den genauen Wortlaut der Anweisungen erfassen. Deshalb musste ich mich ziemlich viel mit der Navigation auf dem Handy beschäftigen. Übrigens gilt das für mich genauso bei litauischen Texten.

Also, wie sieht eine solche Reise eigentlich aus?

Ich gehe mit meiner Kamerabrille in Richtung des gewünschten Ziels und filme unterwegs. In der rechten Hand halte ich den Langstock und in der linken mein Handy. Da die Brille beim Filmen VoiceOver automatisch stummschaltet, musste ich die VoiceOver-Ausgabe auf meine Kopfhörer umleiten. Das bedeutete wiederum, dass auch mein linkes Ohr abgedeckt war. Beim selbstständigen Unterwegssein mag ich das überhaupt nicht. Aber hier musste ohnehin alles langsam gehen, also dachte ich mir: „Okay, das kriegen wir auch so hin.“

Mindaugas und die Hunde bilden mein zusätzliches Kamerateam, und Mindaugas filmt natürlich ebenfalls, damit wir später verschiedene Perspektiven haben. Durch meine Brillenkamera sieht man ziemlich genau das, was vor mir liegt. Ehrlich gesagt bin ich mir allerdings nicht sicher, ob auf den heutigen Aufnahmen überhaupt alles zu sehen sein wird, denn ich hatte meine Haare offen, und manchmal haben sie wahrscheinlich die Kamera verdeckt.

Ansonsten war der Plan klar. Dieses System führt blinde Menschen übrigens bevorzugt über normale Treppenauf- und -abgänge, weil diese für die selbstständige Orientierung einfacher sind. Deshalb beschlossen Mindaugas und ich, uns erst außerhalb des U-Bahnhofs zu treffen. Ich sollte meinen Ausgang selbstständig über die Treppen finden. Ich lese die Anweisungen:

Am Leitsystem bis zum Ende des Bahnsteiges in Fahrtrichtung Hauptbahnhof. Der erste Treppenaufgang endet auf einer Zwischenebene

Das ist alles klar. Das Leitsystem im U-Bahnhof Museumsinsel ist übrigens relativ neu. Ich finde es und marschiere voller Optimismus bis ganz ans Ende. Auch die Richtung ist eindeutig: dorthin, wo meine U-Bahn weitergefahren ist.

Aber hier enden die eindeutigen Dinge auch schon. Am Ende des Leitsystems suche ich nach dem Treppenaufgang und finde nur Rolltreppen. Dann werde ich unsicher: Vielleicht war das doch noch nicht das Ende des Leitsystems? Also gehe ich zurück.

Meine Engel – so nenne ich die kostenlose Hilfe auf der Straße durch zufällige Passantinnen und Passanten – haben mich inzwischen schon in drei Sprachen gefragt, wohin ich möchte: auf Deutsch, Englisch und Französisch.

Diese Frage ist allerdings gar nicht so einfach zu beantworten. Ich möchte zum ersten Treppenaufgang, der keine Rolltreppe sein sollte. Aber ich möchte mein Problem auch nicht im Detail erklären und wiederhole deshalb wie ein kaputter Automat: „Danke schön, alles in Ordnung, ich brauche keine Hilfe.“ Diesen Satz habe ich heute wirklich sehr oft gesagt.

Nachdem ich das Ende des Leitsystems noch einmal vorsichtiger untersucht und es dabei fast geschafft hatte, auf die Gleise zu fallen, fand ich trotzdem keine andere Treppe. Am Ende des Systems ertastete ich, wie ich es gelernt hatte, das Aufmerksamkeitsfeld und anschließend die Reihe mit den Treppen. Nach noch ein paar Runden um diesen Treppenblock – mit Unterstützung meiner Engel – fand ich schließlich zwischen den Rolltreppen meinen kleinen normalen Treppenaufgang.

Hurra! Schon mal ein Erfolg! Ich lese weiter:

Wenige Schritte weiter. Rechts entlang. Wenige Schritte weiter. Rechter Hand Wand. Wenige Schritte weiter. Rechts entlang. Rechter Hand Wand. Einige Meter weiter. Der zweite Treppenaufgang endet auf einer weiteren Zwischenebene.

Das klingt auch noch verständlich. Nachdem ich den Treppenaufgang hinaufgegangen bin, muss ich nach rechts gehen und dann, wie beschrieben, nach wenigen Schritten eine Wand auf der rechten Seite finden.

Aber ich finde eine Wand direkt vor mir.

Diese Wand steht dort unerbittlich und macht mir deutlich, dass sich mein Treppenaufgang offenbar ganz woanders befindet. Ich überlege, was ich hier falsch verstanden haben könnte. Vielleicht müsste ich vom Ende des Treppenaufgangs noch irgendwo weitergehen? Aber da steht eben diese Wand.

Eigentlich sieht diese Zwischenebene wie ein Rechteck aus: Drei Seiten sind von Wänden begrenzt, und an der einzigen offenen Seite befinden sich Rolltreppen und möglicherweise irgendwo auch normale Treppen.

Das Problem mit den Rolltreppen ist, dass man, wenn man von unten an sie herankommt, nicht sofort weiß, in welche Richtung sie fahren: nach oben oder nach unten. Einmal bin ich von unten auf eine nach unten fahrende Rolltreppe gestiegen und dabei fast gestürzt. Meine Engel fragten mich schon wieder besorgt: „Was ist los?“

Aber wie soll ich erklären, warum ich seit Ewigkeiten im Kreis über diese Zwischenebene laufe?

Eine Frau stellte mich schließlich unbedingt auf einen Treppenabgang, und so fuhr ich wieder nach unten zum Ausgangspunkt. Sicherheitshalber überprüfte ich noch einmal das Ende des Leitsystems. Vielleicht gab es dort doch noch irgendeine andere Treppe?

Nein. Nur diese eine Reihe von Treppen.

Das alles dauert natürlich. Nach ungefähr 30 oder 40 Minuten ruft Mindaugas an und fragt, wo ich eigentlich bin. Er fährt draußen ständig um den Bahnhof herum und überprüft alle Ausgänge, weil er nicht weiß, aus welchem ich irgendwann auftauchen werde.

Ich muss ehrlich zugeben, dass ich meinen Ausgang immer noch suche und dass er noch jede Menge Zeit hat, einen Kaffee zu trinken oder sonst etwas zu machen. Er beruhigt sich und wartet weiter.

Ich gehe wieder nach oben und verstehe endgültig, dass das mit der Wand auf der rechten Seite nicht funktioniert. Also versuche ich einfach, irgendeinen Treppenaufgang zu finden, ohne weiterhin darauf zu bestehen, dass es unbedingt eine normale Treppe sein muss. Ich denke mir, dass eine Rolltreppe schließlich auch funktionieren wird. Allerdings stelle ich mich noch ein paar Mal auf die falsche Richtung!

Schließlich schaffe ich es – wieder mit der wunderbaren Hilfe meiner Engel – über den zweiten Treppenaufgang nach oben. Ich hoffe einfach, dass dieser Rolltreppenaufgang auf derselben Zwischenebene endet, die in der Beschreibung gemeint ist.

Dann geht es weiter. Natürlich sind meine Erwartungen bei diesem Tempo inzwischen etwas gesunken, aber trotzdem:

Wenige Schritte weiter. Links entlang. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Verbindungsgang. Etwa 30 Meter weiter bis zum Ende des Verbindungsganges. Links entlang. Wenige Schritte weiter. Der dritte Treppenaufgang endet auf der Spreepromenade. Linker Hand Deutsches Historisches Museum.

Zuerst bekomme ich leichte Panik: Was ist ein Verbindungsgang? Wie sieht so etwas überhaupt aus?

Dann zwinge ich mein Gehirn, wieder etwas normaler zu funktionieren, und mir wird klar, dass es wahrscheinlich einfach eine Art schmaler Tunnel sein muss. Jetzt kann ich wirklich nicht mehr sagen, ob ich den Verbindungsgang so gefunden habe, wie es in der Beschreibung vorgesehen war. Ich marschierte jedenfalls sehr entschlossen über die Zwischenebene und dachte dabei ununterbrochen: „Was ist der Verbindungsgang? Was ist der Verbindungsgang?“ Wie lange und in welche Richtung ich dabei gelaufen bin, kann ich heute nicht mehr mit Sicherheit sagen.

Als diese Erleuchtung endlich meinen Kopf erreichte, ging ich die ungefähr 30 Meter durch den Verbindungsgang ganz normal und sogar ohne besondere zusätzliche Aufmerksamkeit meiner Umwelt.

Aber dann: „Wenige Schritte weiter. Der dritte Treppenaufgang …“

Wieder ein Treppenaufgang. Und wieder finde ich statt normaler Treppen nur Rolltreppen. Ich untersuche alles, aber die Rolltreppen rollen und rollen, und einen normalen Treppenaufgang finde ich nicht. Also entscheide ich mich schließlich einfach für die Rolltreppe. Auch diese Entscheidung fällt nicht besonders schnell und nicht ohne die Prüfung einiger Alternativen, aber immerhin! Ich fahre nach oben und spüre endlich wieder die Sonne und höre die Geräusche der Straße.

Ich rufe Mindaugas an und überbringe ihm die gute Nachricht: Seine Frau hat erfolgreich das Tageslicht erreicht!

Ein paar Minuten später findet er mich tatsächlich. Es stellt sich heraus, dass ich auf einer anderen Seite herausgekommen bin.

Mein Optimismus ist sofort wieder da, denn jetzt weiß ich endlich, was sich vor mir befindet: „Linker Hand Deutsches Historisches Museum.“ Es ist immer so schön zu wissen, was man gerade „sieht“! Sofort vergesse ich alle bisherigen Misserfolge und widme mich mit neuer Energie dem nächsten Teil der Beschreibung.

Links entlang. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zur Mauer. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Ende der Mauer. Links entlang. Linker Hand Mauer. Rechter Hand Deutsches Historisches Museum. Etwa 20 Meter weiter bis zum Ende der Mauer. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Fußgängerweg.

Das erste Warnsignal hätten hier eigentlich die Begriffe „Mauer“ und „Wand“ sein müssen. Aber weil ich mich wieder optimistisch fühlte, machte ich meine großen „wenigen Schritte“ bis zur Mauer. Ich konnte diese Mauer schon vom Bahnhofsausgang aus akustisch wahrnehmen und fand sie tatsächlich nach wenigen Schritten. Aber dann kam das nächste Hindernis. Die Beschreibung sagt: „Wenige Schritte weiter bis zur Mauer. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Ende der Mauer.“ Ich stehe aber direkt vor einer Mauer. Ich muss also entweder rechts oder links an ihr entlanggehen.

Ich probiere beide Seiten aus und untersuche beide möglichen Varianten. Später erklärt mir Mindaugas, dass die Mauer, die ich gefunden habe, bereits die Wand des Museums ist. Oder eben die Wand.

Und wo ist dann die Mauer?

Ich gehe wieder zurück zu den Treppen, gehe nach links, mache wenige Schritte bis zur Mauer – aber meine Mauer steht weiterhin direkt vor mir, und ich kann unmöglich noch „wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Ende der Mauer“ gehen.

Dann versuche ich logisch zu denken. Dieses System wurde schließlich so entwickelt, dass blinde Menschen die Beschreibungen mit möglichst wenig mentalem Aufwand verstehen können. Also suchen Mindaugas und ich gemeinsam nach dieser mysteriösen Mauer.

Und dann zeigt er mir diese niedrige Begrenzung am Bahnhof. Sie reicht mir vielleicht bis zur Taille und ist sehr schmal.

Bis zu dieser Mauer muss ich tatsächlich nur sehr wenige Schritte machen. Und auch „bis zum Ende der Mauer“ bedeutet hier wirklich nur ein paar Schritte, denn die Mauer ist vielleicht gerade einmal 30 Zentimeter breit. Danach kann ich nach links gehen, an dieser schmalen Mauer entlanglaufen und habe die Wand des Museums auf der rechten Seite.

Aber noch einmal: Wo ist hier eigentlich die Mauer?

Die Vorstellung davon, was „wenige Schritte“ sind und wie eine „Mauer“ aussieht, kann offensichtlich sehr unterschiedlich sein. Ich verstehe, dass das teilweise mein eigenes Problem ist: Ich habe nach einer Mauer gesucht, die zumindest ungefähr so hoch ist wie ich. Dass mit „Mauer“ auch eine niedrige Begrenzung des Bahnhofsausgangs gemeint sein könnte, darauf wäre ich nicht gekommen.

Aber nach ungefähr einer weiteren Stunde fanden wir tatsächlich – genau wie beschrieben – den Fußgängerweg. Hier mussten wir plötzlich eine Pause machen, weil Mindaugas sich nach dem langen Warten in der Hitze sehr schlecht fühlte. Also gingen wir schnell zu einem Eiskiosk und kauften Eis und Eiskaffee, um uns etwas zu erholen.

Dabei dachte ich wieder darüber nach, wie unterschiedlich Vorstellungen sein können und wie viel Erfahrung man selbst mit dem besten System noch braucht.

Nachdem es uns wieder besser ging, kehrten wir zum Bahnhof und zu unserer wunderschönen Mauer zurück.Und dann ging der Spaß weiter!

Links entlang. Rechter Hand Straße Unter den Linden. Etwa 20 Meter weiter bis zum ersten mannshohen Sockel. Wenige Schritte weiter. Linker Hand steinernes mannshohes Brückengeländer mit Verzierungen. Etwa 15 Meter weiter bis zum zweiten mannshohen Sockel. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum steinernen mannshohen Brückengeländer mit Verzierungen. Etwa 15 Meter weiter bis zum dritten mannshohen Sockel. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum steinernen mannshohen Brückengeländer mit Verzierungen. Etwa 15 Meter weiter bis zum vierten mannshohen Sockel. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Ende des Sockels. Sandweg. Linker Hand steinernes mannshohes Brückengeländer mit Verzierungen. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Ende des Geländers.

Der Anfang klang noch ganz optimistisch. Rechts von mir die Straße – korrekt. Aber dann? Was meinen sie mit diesem „mannshohen Sockel“? Unter einem Sockel stelle ich mir so etwas wie eine Säule oder einen Pfeiler vor. Ich hatte auf der linken Seite tatsächlich etwas in dieser Art ertastet. Aber als ich dort stand und gleichzeitig all die Geräusche der Straße hörte, klang „mannshoher Sockel“ in meinem Kopf plötzlich eher wie irgendein mysteriöser Poller. Und mein Selbstvertrauen sank wieder ein Stück.

Ich verstand zwar, dass sich links von mir irgendwelche Sockel und Brückengeländer befinden mussten. Aber jeden einzelnen Sockel und jedes einzelne Brückengeländer – noch dazu mit Verzierungen – genau zu identifizieren, war mir irgendwann zu viel. Also versuchte ich einfach, weiterzugehen, bis ich das Ende des Geländers erreichte.

Nur kam dieses eindeutige Ende nicht, weil dort zusätzlich irgendwelche Hindernisse standen. Mindaugas erklärte mir, dass es dort eine Baustelle gibt und ich das einfach ignorieren soll.

Ein weiteres interessantes Detail: Auch Mindaugas wusste nicht, wo genau unser Ziel lag, denn das Tastmodell war auf der Karte nicht eingezeichnet. Er wartete also ebenfalls immer auf meine Anweisungen, wohin wir als Nächstes gehen sollten. Unsere geduldigen Assistenten warteten ebenfalls geduldig und folgten uns, während wir auf dieser Brücke Sockel und Geländer zählten. Schließlich fand ich ein relatives Ende und las die Beschreibung weiter:

Etwa 150 Meter weiter bis zum Ende des Sandweges. Linker Hand Metallgeländer.

Und da war schon das nächste Hindernis. Wo sollte ich diesen Sandweg finden?

Am Ende des Geländers setzte sich der Fußgängerweg fort. Dort gab es tatsächlich auch einen Sandweg, und ich ging diesen Weg entlang. Aber an seinem Ende war nichts: kein Geländer auf der linken Seite, überhaupt nur eine offene Fläche.

Also wieder marschieren, lesen, versuchen zu verstehen: Was genau ist damit gemeint? Ohne das Geländer konnte ich nicht mehr wissen, in welche Richtung ich weitergehen sollte. Dann sagte Mindaugas: „Vielleicht hättest du am Ende des Geländers nach links gehen müssen? Dort gibt es ein Metallgeländer, das an der Spree entlangführt.“

Wir gingen zurück, und tatsächlich fand ich dort dieses Geländer.

Na gut. Von hier aus konnte ich wieder einem Sandweg folgen. Und dieser Sandweg konnte tatsächlich ungefähr 150 Meter lang sein. Am Ende befand sich das Geländer immer noch auf meiner linken Seite. Das freute mich, und ich konnte die Beschreibung weiter überprüfen

Etwa 20 Meter weiter bis zum Ende des Metallgeländers. Rechts entlang. Linker Hand Metallgeländer. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Beginn der Mauer. Linker Hand Mauer. Wenige Schritte weiter. Rechts entlang. Linker Hand Mauer. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Ende der Mauer. Links entlang. Linker Hand Mauer. Wenige Schritte weiter bis zum Ende der Mauer. Rechts entlang. Einige Meter weiter ist das Tastmodell.

Jetzt sehe ich endlich das Ziel vor Augen: das Tastmodell! Aber zunächst endet das Geländer, ich gehe nach rechts und finde wieder das Ende eines Geländers. Dann beginnt eine Mauer mit Treppen. Nach einiger Zeit verstehe ich, dass dieses schmale Betonding tatsächlich wieder die besagte „Mauer“ ist – und dass „wenige Schritte weiter“ wirklich sehr, sehr wenige Schritte bedeuten kann.

Um das herauszufinden, musste ich allerdings ziemlich lange in dieser nach Urin riechenden Ecke herumirren und alles Mögliche abtasten. Irgendwann sagte ich plötzlich zu Mindaugas: „Aber wie kannst du das Modell noch nicht sehen? Es muss doch irgendwo hier sein, nur einige Meter weiter …“

Und tatsächlich: Dann entdeckte auch Mindaugas das Modell. Es stand ganz ruhig und unschuldig in dieser Ecke, etwas weiter in der Mitte und vom Geländer entfernt. Da das Modell etwas erhöht stand, hatte auch Mindaugas es zunächst nicht bemerkt. Nachdem ich endlich wusste, wo genau das Modell stand, konnte ich die Beschreibung noch einmal im Nachhinein analysieren. Dabei verstand ich, dass all diese Richtungswechsel nach links und rechts und die „wenigen Schritte weiter“ hier tatsächlich extrem kurze Distanzen bedeuteten. Ich mache offenbar etwas größere Schritte und drehe mich wahrscheinlich auch nicht immer ganz exakt um 90 Grad. Bei mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden kurzen Anweisungen können sich solche kleinen Abweichungen natürlich schnell summieren.

Das Tastmodell zeigte mir endlich, wie die Museumsinsel eigentlich aufgebaut ist. Ich konnte die Formen des Berliner Doms, des Humboldt Forums und mehrerer Museumsgebäude ertasten. Das war schon ein echtes Gefühl der Erleichterung.

Insgeheim dachte ich mir: „Vielleicht reicht es mir ja, die Insel auf diese Weise zu sehen? Vielleicht muss ich die echten Museen gar nicht mehr besuchen?“

Nach dieser Expedition nehme ich jedenfalls einige wichtige Lektionen mit:

1. Ich muss alle Begriffe vorher überprüfen. In solchen Beschreibungen können einige sprachliche Überraschungen auftauchen: „mannshohe Brückengeländer mit Verzierungen“, Sockel, die unterschiedlichsten Mauern und noch vieles mehr. Damit hatte ich nicht gerechnet und war sprachlich nicht besonders gut darauf vorbereitet.

2. Ich muss versuchen, meine eigenen Vorstellungen auszuschalten und mich stärker am Ziel der jeweiligen Anweisung zu orientieren. Als ich zum Beispiel aus dem Bahnhof kam, befand sich die gesuchte Mauer wirklich sehr, sehr nah bei mir. Deshalb waren es tatsächlich nur sehr wenige Schritte bis dorthin. Und „bis zum Ende der Mauer“ muss offenbar nicht immer bedeuten, dass ich lange an einer Mauer entlanglaufen muss. Manchmal bedeutet es einfach, um eine sehr kurze Mauer herumzugehen und die Richtung zu wechseln. Also wieder einmal: nicht zu schnell werden!

3. Es gibt wahrscheinlich keine perfekte Wegbeschreibung für blinde Menschen, mit der man sich automatisch und vollkommen sicher auf der Straße bewegen kann. Auch mit einem sehr gut durchdachten System muss man ständig lernen, Erfahrungen sammeln, flexibel denken, kreativ bleiben – und vor allem sehr viel Geduld mitbringen.

Für meine nächsten Expeditionen habe ich inzwischen lieber gar keine Erwartungen mehr.

Das einzige Problem ist, dass mir heute mein Rücken weiter und intensiver wehtut. Hoffen wir, dass es keine Entzündung ist und ich meine Expeditionen wenigstens ohne körperliche Hindernisse fortsetzen kann.

Katze aus dem Haus: 13.–14. Juli

Mein Lieblingskollege und treuer Leser Kai, der mich beim Schreiben unterstützt, gibt mir auch immer schöne sprachliche Beispiele und interessante Anmerkungen. Zum Beispiel erzählte er mir, dass man hier in Deutschland die Situation, wenn der Chef nicht im Büro ist, vergleicht mit der Beziehung zwischen Katze und Mäusen: “Ist die Katze aus dem Haus, tanzen die Mäuse auf dem Tisch.” Oder jedenfalls etwas Ähnliches. Ich fragte mich, wie wir das in Litauen ausdrücken. Ich selbst konnte mich an kein entsprechendes Sprichwort erinnern und musste deshalb ein bisschen recherchieren. Ich habe den Eindruck, dass wir auch irgendwelche Metaphern mit Katzen und Mäusen haben – vielleicht haben wir sie sogar aus dem Deutschen übernommen. Es gibt aber auch andere ähnliche Vergleiche, zum Beispiel mit Vater und Kindern – etwas in der Art wie „Der Vater ist aus dem Haus und die Kinder sind ohne Aufsicht.“ (Das ist allerdings nur eine ungefähre Erinnerung.) Und dann habe ich noch dieses Sprichwort gefunden: “Vyras miršta – žmona sijoną trumpina.” Auf Deutsch bedeutet das: “Der Mann stirbt – die Frau macht den Rock kürzer.” Als Metapher passt das heutzutage allerdings kaum noch. Dieses Thema hat mich schon während meines Studiums sehr interessiert. Ich glaube, dass man viel über eine Nation lernen kann, wenn man ihre Sprichwörter betrachtet.

Für meine Praktikumsreflexionen ist dieses Thema übrigens auch relevant, weil ich mit dem Schreiben tatsächlich in Verzug geraten bin, sobald meine Chefin Urlaub hatte! Diese Verspätung war eher unbewusst und wurde auch durch verschiedene technische Schwierigkeiten verursacht – aber trotzdem! Jetzt muss ich aus der zukünftigen Perspektive über meine Urlaubswoche berichten. Eigentlich war das für mich persönlich gar kein Urlaub. Ich musste trotzdem viel lernen und arbeiten. Aber ohne feste Bürozeiten war diese Arbeit etwas freier und gleichzeitig auch weniger organisiert.

Zunächst bin ich am Montag mit Nackenschmerzen aufgewacht. Ich habe dieses Problem regelmäßig, allerdings eher im Herbst. Dann muss ich diese Entzündung meistens mit bestimmten Medikamenten behandeln – B-Vitamine und Schmerzmittel. In Deutschland habe ich diese Medikamente jedoch nicht dabei, aber die Schmerzen sind noch nicht so stark, dass sie unkontrollierbar wären. Deshalb habe ich beschlossen, ein paar Tage etwas ruhiger zu verbringen und meine wärmende Creme zu benutzen. Vielleicht reicht das schon.

Am Montag sind wir mit Mindaugas ins Büro gekommen. Zuerst wollten wir mit einer Kollegin, Irine, ein Hundetreffen organisieren. Unsere Jungen wurden ihrer Hündin Kalumbina vorgestellt. Der Name ist allerdings ziemlich kompliziert und ich bin mir nicht sicher, ob ich ihn richtig schreibe. Aber diese Hündin ist sehr nett und elegant. Sie ist schon etwas älter – elf Jahre – und den Menschen gegenüber etwas vorsichtiger. Offenbar hat sie in ihrer Kindheit schlechte Erfahrungen gemacht. Da das Theaterhaus ziemlich leer war, beschlossen wir, den Hof für dieses Treffen zu nutzen. Die Hunde fühlten sich miteinander ganz wohl und gleichzeitig konnten Mindaugas und ich dort eine gute Internetverbindung nutzen. Das ist schon Luxus in Deutschland! Unser Hotel bietet leider ein sehr instabiles Internet an, deshalb benutzen wir hier sehr viele mobile Daten. Mal sehen, ob die Rechnung später nicht verrückt teuer wird. Meinen Computer und meine Apps aktualisiere ich deshalb möglichst nur im Büro, damit ich etwas weniger mobile Daten verbrauche.

Gleichzeitig hatte ich mir für diese beiden Tage vorgenommen, meine technischen Probleme mit der Videobearbeitung zu lösen. Mit der Audiobearbeitung komme ich inzwischen ganz gut zurecht, aber ich wollte endlich auch lernen, mit meinem Laptop brauchbare Videos zu schneiden. Hier gab es zwei Möglichkeiten: Entweder sollte ich iMovie endlich richtig lernen oder über Parallels Desktop eine virtuelle Windows-Maschine installieren und dann bequem mit Movie Maker Videos schneiden.

Die erste Option erschien mir eigentlich sinnvoller, weil ich iMovie auf macOS ohnehin kostenlos habe. Allerdings finde ich die App sehr unpraktisch und verstehe ihr System einfach nicht. Deshalb wollte ich sie möglichst vermeiden. Trotzdem muss ich sie irgendwann lernen und endlich anfangen, sie zu benutzen. Aus diesem Grund verbrachte ich den Montag und Dienstag hauptsächlich mit meinen iMovie-Problemen. Was habe ich dabei entdeckt?

1. Ich suchte im Internet nach Videos über macOS und VoiceOver, aber meine Suche war leider nicht besonders erfolgreich. Meistens fand ich nur Videos über iMovie auf iOS, aber für eine regelmäßige Videobearbeitung erschien mir das ebenfalls ziemlich unpraktisch. Noch etwas fiel mir auf: VoiceOver ist gleichzeitig auch die Bezeichnung für eine eingesprochene Tonspur in einem Video. Genau deshalb findet man unglaublich viele unnötige Suchergebnisse. Ich fragte mich wirklich, wie Apple seinen Screenreader ausgerechnet so nennen konnte, wenn dieser Begriff bereits eine ganz andere Bedeutung hatte. Man findet unzählige Videos mit dem Titel „VoiceOver“, aber dort wird gar nichts über den Screenreader erklärt. Stattdessen geht es einfach darum, wie man seine eigene Stimme auf ein Video aufnimmt. Das hat mich ehrlich überrascht.

2. Die Benutzeroberfläche von iMovie war für mich ebenfalls sehr unintuitiv. Obwohl ich mithilfe der AppleVis-Beschreibung die grundsätzliche Idee der Projektnavigation verstanden hatte, führte mich dieses Wissen leider noch lange nicht zu einer echten Videobearbeitung.

Ich musste sehr viel Geduld, Zeit und Energie investieren, bevor ich mich schließlich doch für Parallels Desktop entschied – zumindest für dieses Projekt hier in Deutschland, da ich zeitlich ziemlich eingeschränkt bin. Diese Entscheidung ist allerdings ebenfalls alles andere als praktisch. Erstens kostet diese Plattform über 100 Dollar pro Jahr. Zum Glück konnte ich meinen Studentenrabatt nutzen und musste nur etwa 50 Euro bezahlen. Zweitens benötigt sie ziemlich viel Speicherplatz. Außerdem läuft das System etwas langsamer und verbraucht viele Computerressourcen. Hinzu kommt, dass es auch nicht besonders VoiceOver-freundlich ist und ich manche Dinge nur mit der Hilfe meines Mannes erledigen kann. Aber iMovie ist für mich immer noch praktisch unbenutzbar! Diese tausend Tastenkombinationen funktionieren bei mir einfach nicht. Ich brauche unglaublich viel Zeit, nur um ein Projekt zu öffnen. Das ganze System für VoiceOver-Nutzer ist so unglücklich aufgebaut, dass ich davon fast eine kleine Depression bekomme!

Da ich mich bei der Arbeit mit so vielen technischen Dilemmas beschäftigen musste, beschloss ich, mir nach der Arbeit etwas Leckeres zu gönnen. Gott segne meine Figur! An diesem Tag bestellte ich einen Flammkuchen mit Gemüse. Der Teig war wirklich sehr lecker – dünn und knusprig. Der Gemüsebelag hätte allerdings besser sein können. Es gab süße Zwiebeln, Paprika und irgendwelche gebackenen Pilze, die mir nicht besonders geschmeckt haben. Beim nächsten Mal möchte ich unbedingt einen Flammkuchen einfach nur mit Käse probieren. Das ist noch ein deutsches Gericht, das ich wirklich sehr gerne esse. Mindaugas setzte seine Entdeckungsreise durch die deutsche Küche mit irgendeinem Gulasch fort. In Litauen versteht man unter Gulasch eher geschmortes Fleisch mit Gemüse. Hier wurde es dagegen mit Sauerkraut und Kartoffeln serviert. Ihm hat es jedenfalls geschmeckt.

Während meines Kampfes mit iMovie überlegte ich auch, ob ich meine Schwester oder Mindaugas um Hilfe bitten sollte. Es wäre jedoch viel besser, wenn ich die sprachlichen Teile selbst schneiden könnte. Beide sprechen kein Deutsch, deshalb müssten wir die Videos immer gemeinsam bearbeiten. Besonders wenn wir keine gute Internetverbindung haben, wird alles noch schwieriger. Solche Situationen verlangsamen meine Arbeit erheblich und nehmen mir manchmal auch die Motivation, überhaupt weiterzumachen. Deshalb fallen mir diese beiden Tage auch etwas schwer zu beschreiben.

Mein Fazit nach zwei Jahren mit macOS bleibt jedenfalls dasselbe: Man kann dieses System lernen, aber für VoiceOver-Nutzer ist es weder besonders intuitiv noch besonders bequem. Ich liebe die technischen Eigenschaften von macOS und auch den Laptop selbst – zum Beispiel den Akku oder die Verbindung mit dem iPhone. Aber was die Bedienung mit VoiceOver betrifft, schimpfe ich immer noch sehr darüber. Jetzt musste ich also gleichzeitig meinen Nacken schonen, meine Videobearbeitung lösen und außerdem mit dem Testen der Wegbeschreibungen beginnen.

Ich hatte von Imke die Aufgabe bekommen, einige Wegbeschreibungen zu testen, die nach dem System von Herrn Baumeister erstellt worden waren. Ich sollte herausfinden, welche Stellen möglicherweise ungenau sind, vor allem aber eine einfache Frage beantworten: Kann ich mit Hilfe dieser Beschreibung das jeweilige Ziel finden oder nicht? Meistens konzentriere ich mich auf die Wegbeschreibungen selbst. Trotzdem wäre es auch wichtig, die geplanten Museen tatsächlich zu besuchen.

Eine weitere Herausforderung war die Frage, wie ich gleichzeitig der Beschreibung folgen und alles filmen sollte. Wenn ich mit meinem Handy oder mit den Meta-Brillen filme, kann ich VoiceOver nicht benutzen. Deshalb muss ich die Beschreibungen vorher in Braille übertragen, was ebenfalls sehr viel Zeit kostet. Morgen werde ich aber versuchen, die Beschreibung über Mindaugas' Handy mitzulesen, weil ich diesmal einfach keine Zeit hatte, alles in Braille vorzubereiten.

Zurzeit habe ich geplant, die Museumsinsel mit einigen Museen zu erkunden, den Alexanderplatz und seine Sehenswürdigkeiten, das Nikolaiviertel sowie noch einige Skulpturen in Berlin kennenzulernen. Ich finde es beeindruckend, wie viele Orte auf der Website Bfuerb.de beschrieben werden. Man kann dort wirklich unglaublich viel entdecken. Jetzt muss ich noch prüfen, wie viele meiner geplanten Ziele ich tatsächlich schaffen werde. Meine bisherigen Erfahrungen zeigen nämlich, dass ich meinen ursprünglichen Plan fast nie zu hundert Prozent umsetzen kann, weil ich meistens zu optimistisch plane und den Zeitaufwand unterschätze. Wenn man erst dorthin laufen, anschließend filmen, danach noch das Museum besuchen und schließlich alles zusammenfassen muss, ist es eigentlich logisch, dass am Ende nicht für alles genug Zeit bleibt.

Für einen positiveren Abschluss kann ich noch erzählen, dass meine indische Freundin, die zurzeit in Rheinland-Pfalz wohnt, mich am Freitag in Berlin besuchen wird. Das sind wirklich schöne Neuigkeiten! Wir haben uns vor sieben Jahren in Münster kennengelernt. Sie ist ein unglaublich positiver Mensch und wir haben zusammen fast immer viel Spaß. Irgendwie verlieren wir gemeinsam den Kopf, albern herum und schmieden manchmal ziemlich verrückte Pläne. Zum Beispiel beschlossen wir damals in Münster, per Anhalter von Münster nach Vilnius zu reisen. Eigentlich mussten wir nur bis Bremen trampen, weil von dort ein Flug nach Vilnius ging. Aber schon das war eine ziemlich große Herausforderung! Schließlich wurden wir sogar von der Polizei abgeholt, weil wir versucht hatten, direkt an der Autobahn zu trampen. Zum Glück ging am Ende alles gut. Ein Lkw-Fahrer nahm uns mit bis nach Bremen und wir schafften unseren Flug gerade noch rechtzeitig. Jetzt treffen wir uns schon nach sieben Jahren wieder. Wir sind beide inzwischen etwas älter und hoffentlich auch etwas vernünftiger. Hoffentlich brauchen wir diesmal keine polizeiliche Betreuung mehr!

Hi blog friends! Hope this update finds you well. Due to still reeling from a  kerfuffled online grocery ordering experience courtesy of Walmart.com, and a wordPress related server-side blog error that Paul and I feel ill-equipped and unable to resolve on our own, we’re navigating a little more stress and confusion then we usually do right now – but other than that, we’re doing OK. We finished our decluttering project and are now striving to maintain the freshened up home and living space we created for ourselves and others who might visit. Very challenging when you feel like you “don’t have the bandwidth” for that right now.

On the upside – the universe has been kind to treat us to a few more trips than usual outside, some good meals and some good TV shows, and a good movie too – Song Sung Blue with Kate Hudson and Hugh Jackman. Those who enjoy quirky kitch type decor and storylines and love Neil Diamond or his music might like it. 

Yesterday we enjoyed Arby’s for lunch. Our meals were top-notch – so much so that Paul and I are still dreaming about them today. Everything tasted so very good, didn’t leave us feeling compromised, ill or sick in any way, and we’re still feeling full and satiated from them this morning. We can’t say the same about much of the other food we’ve eaten, even the yummy tasting guac’d up taco I enjoyed from Del Taco the other day.

My Cute Snail coloring pages are still available as FREE downloads for those who would like them. The August back to school “Yay! Yay! It’s my first day!” edition of The Cute Snail Digest newsletter”) will be published this Friday 7/31. Look for it here if you’re on the hunt for old school inspired screen free creative activities to keep minds and hands busy.

Thank you for reading and see you  again next Tuesday.

❤️ Juliet

IMAGE ID: a picture of my old reliable “I bought it at Fred Meyer before I married” silverware tray that I originally put in the Goodwill bin in favor of trying a new “drawer organization system”contraption (ironically for accessibility reasons) that didn’t work nearly as well as this peaceful, lovely, simple, beautifully designed basic staple that’s been around for years. By the way, all silverware and utensils in the tray were cleaned with hot water and a nice soak in some Polident denture tabs. I like how they left everything looking so shiny and feeling so clean – and minty fresh.

By Publius (of the 21st Century) — No. 8

The danger confronting the Trump administration is no longer merely that the war with Iran may have gone badly. It is that the war may refuse to end at all—at least not on terms Washington can define, deliver, or politically survive.

The analogy to the Roman emperor Valerian who was captured in battle by the Persians is not literal. President Trump is unlikely to be physically paraded before an Iranian Ayatollah. The humiliation would rather be subtler, more modern, but perhaps more consequential: the spectacle of the world’s strongest military power unable to convert overwhelming destructive capacity into a usable political outcome. Iran does not need to defeat the United States. It needs only to deny it victory, closure, and control over the timetable.

This is the Valerian trap.

The administration’s objectives have ranged from unconditional surrender, regime change, to the destruction of Iran’s nuclear capacity, the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, the protection of Israel, and the restoration of deterrence. Each can be stated plausibly in isolation. Together, however, they form no clear hierarchy and offer no obvious stopping point. What constitutes victory? Reopened shipping lanes? A nuclear inspection agreement? A weakened regime? An Iran stripped of missiles, proxies, and regional influence? The administration can announce success only when others agree to behave as though success has been achieved.

Iran’s objectives appear more comprehensive and aligned. Regime survival comes first. That objective has already been tested directly: Israeli and, in part, American strikes killed Khamenei along with much of Iran's religious, military, and scientific leadership on February 28, and his son Mojtaba assumed the succession within days. That the regime absorbed the loss of its supreme leader and still chose escalation over accommodation is the strongest evidence yet that Tehran can play the waiting game even when hit hardest.

Beyond that, Tehran seeks to preserve enough military, nuclear, and regional capacity to make another attack costly; force an end to Israeli operations; establish leverage over the Strait of Hormuz; protect Hezbollah and other aligned forces; and, ultimately, reduce the American military presence in the region. Iran does not have to accomplish all of this immediately. It can wait.

That waiting game is the heart of the scenario.

This waiting game, however, rests on a fragile premise: Tehran’s ability to survive its own internal decay, public unrest, and economic collapse. So far though that weakness has not produced caution. Hardliners within the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) have apparently convinced the supreme leadership that time and asymmetric capability remain on their side. By treating internal dissent as a threat to be crushed rather than managed, the IRGC has forged a rigid ruling consensus: that the domestic risks of strategic retreat far outweigh the external costs of an endless war of attrition.

Time works differently for the two sides. For Iran, delay demonstrates endurance. Every week without surrender refutes Washington’s promise of rapid coercive success. Every interruption of Gulf shipping raises insurance, transportation, energy, and consumer costs far beyond Iran’s borders. Every American casualty weakens the administration domestically. Every failed ceasefire makes the next announcement less credible.

For President Trump, by contrast, time is expensive. Oil prices feed gasoline prices; gasoline prices feed inflation; inflation constrains the Federal Reserve; higher interest rates deepen the affordability crisis and expose an already weakening economy. A recession does not have to arrive before the November midterms. Voters need only see its outline: slower hiring, rising debt stress, weaker housing, shrinking entry-level opportunity, and a government insisting that prosperity remains just around the corner.

Yet even a bilateral agreement with Iran would not necessarily provide an exit. Israel is not a subordinate actor waiting for Washington’s instructions. It has its own war aims: the lasting incapacitation of Iran’s nuclear and missile infrastructure, the weakening or disarmament of Hezbollah, and continued freedom to strike whenever it perceives an emerging threat. On the second aim Israel has already made substantial progress: Hezbollah's disarmament was a term of the Lebanon ceasefire, and the IDF has continued near-daily strikes against what remains of its arsenal — leaving Tehran with a weaker proxy to protect than the “aligned objectives” framing above implies. An agreement sufficient for President Trump to declare the war over may be insufficient for Israel to consider itself secure.

This creates the central trap within the trap. Washington cannot promise Tehran that Israel will cease military action. Tehran cannot promise Washington that Hezbollah, the Houthis, Iraqi militias, or every faction within Iran will remain quiet. Israel cannot destroy the knowledge and industrial capacity required to rebuild what it has bombed. The Houthis may continue their own war even if Iran prefers tactical calm. Gulf governments, exposed to retaliation and economic disruption, will increasingly seek separate accommodations rather than entrust their survival entirely to American strategy.

There is, therefore, no single switch that turns the conflict off. There are several wars, negotiating tables, and actors capable of spoiling the result. A ceasefire may halt American strikes while Israeli operations continue. A Hormuz agreement may reopen one maritime artery while the Red Sea remains contested. A nuclear understanding may leave missiles, Hezbollah, Gaza, sanctions, and regional basing unresolved. Each partial settlement carries within it the mechanism of its own collapse.

The political effect could be devastating. The administration’s claim of strength would gradually invert itself. The president would appear unable to compel Iran, restrain Israel, control escalation, protect shipping, lower energy prices, or explain what further sacrifice is supposed to achieve. His declarations of imminent success would lose value with every reversal. The problem would no longer be merely that the United States entered an ill-defined war. It would be that the president surrendered control of American domestic conditions to the calculations of allies, adversaries, proxies, and oil markets.

The trap described above is structural and well evidenced; what follows is forecast, not certainty—an administration that can point to Khamenei's death as a decisive blow may yet convert that into a political asset regardless of how the broader war resolves.

That could shape the midterms by joining foreign-policy failure to the household economy. War, inflation, interest rates, employment anxiety, and affordability would no longer appear as separate issues. They would become one story: strategic disorder abroad producing material insecurity at home. Democrats would not need a grand theory of the Middle East. They would need only to ask why American families are paying more, borrowing at higher rates, and facing a weaker labor market for a war whose objectives keep changing.

A Democratic House would constrain the administration through investigations, appropriations, and renewed war-powers challenges. A Democratic Senate, though harder to achieve, would magnify the confrontation. But the deeper consequences would extend far beyond November. The remainder of the Trump presidency could become consumed by an unwinnable contest between escalation and withdrawal. Escalation would increase casualties, inflation, and alliance fracture. Withdrawal without an enforceable settlement would look like defeat. A partial agreement would remain vulnerable to the next Israeli strike, Houthi attack, Iranian seizure, or militia rocket.

The waiting game, then, is not passive. It is Iran’s strategic weapon. The United States must continually act, spend, reassure, deter, negotiate, and explain. Iran and the other veto players need only prevent the system from settling.

Valerian’s humiliation was personal and visible. The modern version would be institutional: an American presidency trapped inside its own promises, unable to win, unable to leave, and increasingly unable to govern anything else.

Het Hoopvol Menstruatie Marslied versus De Dagelijkse Teloorgang van De Werkende Man

het merendeel van de deeltijd multitask ik er op los van iedere aanwezige baat ken ik ook zijn kost er is niks waarover ik me onnodig verbaas raak niet van streek door het geraas van de dwaas onze onbesnaarde baas het is fijn dat ik ondanks hun eindeloos gezever in puike mentale conditie verkeer maar dus niet als ik menstrueer dan wil ik geen gezeur aan mijn kop en dit moet zo blijven tot en met de druppelstop dan is elk antwoord bondiger dan kort verlang je toch een aantal extra reken maar dat het met die promotie niets wordt want ik breek ijzer af met handen en dat kletterend spetterend bewerkt metaal komt rechtstreeks uit mijn vagina maar verder heb je niks te vrezen ik ben snel van begrip, leef me in, ik regel het vlot en netjes zelfs met tegenzin leer het in de praktijk alleen door de theorie te lezen en hier en daar te onderstrepen of arceren met een compliment kan je loopbaantje weer ten goede keren ik kan in een ruimte vol vrouwen mijn mannetje staan een plantje of geschenk op zijn tijd doet het meestal goed maar niet als ik baad in menstrueel bloed knoop dit in je oren ook al wil je het nooit horen dat wij zelfs maar overwegen onderdeel te zijn van je bedrijfsleven is geen vaststaand feit zeker niet onze beweegreden niet de kern van ons bestaan dat bedrijf is niet de reden om aan de slag te gaan het is een gunst die we ondanks beter weten aan u, mannetjes verlenen omdat we het niet kunnen verdragen dat u anders u godganse leven loopt te zeuren, zeiken, jammeren en wenen omdat u zonder onze aanwezigheid in u bestaan zelf niet eens zou denken aan het verzinnen van de betaalde baan nog geen tuinhuisje was gaan bouwen geen enkel steekwapen ter hand zou nemen geen levenslust verdovende drankjes brouwen geen letters rammen in harde grijze stenen u zou zinloos voor u uit zitten staren zelfs vergeten voldoende eten te vergaren overlijden in een tuin vol vruchten en noten alleen door het gebrek aan leven in beide kloten dus als u nog eenmaal de bek opentrekt terwijl ik vrij uit bloed lek dan ontnemen wij u al uw gefabuleerde redenen om energie aan wat er nu ook is te besteden aan denken aan kijken aan wenken aan prijken aan programmeren aan voorraadbeheren aan praatjes maken aan vuren staken aan camera voeren aan in campers toeren aan trekkers trekken en aan pseudo heldinnen verhalen eindeloos herhalen over heen gaan en vermenigvuldigen zonder vlekken donder toch een keer op man als je voor je zelf niet leven kan waarom dan wel voor mij dus bekken dicht anders maak ik me vrij want ik ben tot niets verplicht en dan verlies jij alles waarvoor je vanochtend gemutst en wel bent opgestaan kleerjes aan, ontbijten, instappen, rijen gaan achter andere manne zoals jij aan, inparkeren, inklokken en inloggen, en weer terug naar huis, tuin en opberghok gaan, dat vaste aardse uit het niks inkomende kringloop bestaan

Aapropos ; Sexcuses deernen, Ik kon het sexperiment niet laten en aangezien er bij mijn weten waarschijnlijk maar een paar lezers mijn oorblog notities bekijken kan het mijn toch al niet bestaande loopbaan, de opgang, niet kosten, het kan ook niet verder kelderen volgens mij, lang leve Van Voorbijgaande Aard, hopelijk nog een dagje erbij...

I’m having vacation. Received a mug from my colleagues the other day. It was a parting gift. I got it through the mail.

It made me happy, knowing they each thought of me like that.

Small gestures of kindness mean a lot, I think.

Knowing someone cares enough to send a big red mug, when they don’t have to, knowing we probably will never meet again, is very heartwarming.

I think it’s: they add the raisins to the Müsli which would’ve otherwise been just oats.

Newly-arrived this week: more ‘90s jazz, in the shape of two secondhand CDs ordered via ebay.

First, from ‘98, A Go Go by John Scofield. On it, Scofield (guitar) is ably supported by John Medeski (keys), Billy Martin (drums) and Chris Wood (bass). This is an infectious collection of groove-based numbers blending funk, soul and jazz without sounding like jazz-funk as I’d encountered it elsewhere. It begins with the title track which sets out its stall in admirably forthright fashion. It all sounds marvellous, though I’d single out the way Martin’s snare drum is played and recorded for a special commendation.

Second, from ‘94, MoodSwing by the Joshua Redman Quartet. Here. Redman on tenor and soprano saxophone is joined by Brad Mehldau (piano), Christian McBride (bass) and Brian Blade (drums). The playing and recording here again are excellent. It seems that some reckoned it a tad unadventurous when it came out (and there may be something to that), but it’s a deluxe production done with evident love – I think I’ll be spending plenty of time with it. Hear for example the opening number ‘Sweet Sorrow’.

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I was intrigued enough by the premise of M. John Harrison’s recently-published novel The End of Everything to buy it, despite having been left with mixed feelings by his previous effort The Sunken Land Begins to Rise Again. The new book takes place in a near-future England stricken by a sort of slow-motion apocalypse brought about by the arrival of inscrutable alien entities from some adjacent plane of existence. Alas, I liked it less than The Sunken Land... Where the latter excelled, for me, was in the vividly clammy strangeness of the atmosphere it conjured up. I didn’t think that the former, seemingly striving for a more elusively liminal mood, succeeded as well in that respect. Nor was its plot the strongest, or its characters the most interesting. It does have its merits: there were some moments that impressed me, and it has returned to weakly haunt my mind a few times since I finished it.

Also finished this week, Richard Dadd: Beyond Bedlam. This is the catalogue for newly-opened exhibition of Dadd’s paintings and drawings at the Royal Academy in London. His work isn’t new to me: I’ve owned Patricia Allderidge’s book The Late Richard Dadd for the better part of thirty years, and have seen (albeit far from recently) a number of his works in person. It’s great to have a more up-to-date volume about the man and his art. The new catalogue includes a number of works I hadn’t seen before, and others reproduced in colour that I’d only hitherto only seen in black and white. As well as the catalogue itself, the book contains four essays: a biographical overview; a study of Dadd’s deeply unnerving watercolour ‘The Child’s Problem’; an account of the painter’s influences and artistic precursors; and a discussion of the mental illness that afflicted him.

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Booze of the week: Ardbeg 10-year-old single malt whisky. My drinking problem these days that I can only seem to get a little alcohol down me every once in a while without risking unwelcome digestive repercussions. A case in point: I was given a bottle of Ardbeg as a Christmas gift in 2023, finally polishing off the last dram of it only on Saturday. The notes about the whisky’s aroma at the Ardbeg website are a marvel of their kind: “A burst of intense smoky fruit escapes into the atmosphere of peat infused with zesty lemon and lime, wrapped in waxy dark chocolate. Bold menthol and black pepper slice through the sweet smoke followed by tarry ropes and graphite. Savour the aroma of smoked fish and crispy bacon alongside green bell peppers, baked pineapple and pear juice...”. And so it goes on: I shall have to take their word for it! There’s no denying it’s a good whisky though.

It looks like your plant is getting frosty. White powder spreading across the leaves, that pale shimmer catching the grow light. Then you touch it, and your finger comes away white.

That's not trichome development. That's powdery mildew – and if you're seeing it now, the infection has been active inside your plant for up to two weeks already.

Powdery mildew is one of the most misidentified conditions in cannabis cultivation – not because the advanced stage is hard to recognize, but because early-stage colonies genuinely look like trichome buildup to the untrained eye. Growers see white on their leaves and feel reassured rather than alarmed. By the time the mistake is obvious, the fungus has spread.

This guide covers visual identification at every stage, how to distinguish PM from trichomes and other lookalikes, and what to do when you find it.

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Quick Identification

Powdery mildew on cannabis appears as white, flour-like patches on leaf surfaces that transfer to your finger when touched. Unlike trichomes – which are crystalline, sticky, and firmly attached – powdery mildew is fuzzy, powdery, and wipes off. It typically starts on older, lower leaves and can spread from a single infected plant to your entire grow within 5-10 days under favorable conditions.

Quick checklist: – White powdery patches on leaf surfaces (usually upper side) – Fuzzy texture, not crystalline or glittery – Transfers to your finger when touched – Wipes off with cloth (trichomes stay attached) – Started on older, lower leaves – Circular colony patterns, expanding outward

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Why Powdery Mildew Is So Destructive

The Timing Problem

Powdery mildew is caused by obligate biotrophic fungi – primarily Golovinomyces species (formerly classified as Erysiphe) – that require a living plant host to survive. As an obligate biotroph, the fungus spends its first 7-10 days growing inside plant tissue, establishing a mycelial network before producing the visible white sporulation on the surface.

The practical implication: by the time you see powdery mildew, you're already two weeks behind.

This timing overlaps with the worst possible moment in the grow cycle. PM typically produces visible symptoms approximately two weeks into flowering – when plants are at their most developed and most valuable. A disease that becomes visible at week two of a nine-week flower has seven weeks to damage a mature crop.

The Spread Problem

Once sporulating, powdery mildew spreads through airborne spores called conidia. Unlike many fungal diseases that require water droplets to spread, PM spores travel through air and remain viable in typical grow room conditions. A single infected plant can contaminate an entire facility within 5-10 days.

This is not a slow disease. It spends two weeks being invisible, then spreads rapidly.

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Visual Symptoms by Stage

Days 1-7: No Visible Symptoms

The fungal network is developing inside plant tissue. Nothing is visible externally. The only detection method during this phase is molecular PCR testing – available commercially but not practical for most growers as a daily routine.

What to do: Prevention only. No reactive treatment exists for pre-symptomatic infection.

Days 7-14: Early Visible Stage

What you see: – Fine white coating on upper leaf surface, often concentrated near veins – Circular “chalk-dust rings” as colonies grow radially from infection points – Small, discrete white spots (1-5mm diameter) resembling flour or powdered sugar – Patches separated by healthy-looking green tissue initially

This is when intervention is most effective. Catching PM at this stage – and responding within 48 hours – gives you the best chance of containing the infection before airborne spread reaches other plants.

Days 14+: Advanced Stage

What you see: – Spots grow larger and merge into confluent white coverage – Thick, prominent coating across entire leaf surfaces – Fuzzy, hair-like texture that can resemble spider webs or white cotton candy in severe cases – Affected leaves turn yellow (chlorosis) as photosynthetic capacity is reduced – Leaf death and necrosis in severely affected tissue – Contamination of flower bracts and bud sites

At this stage, individual plant treatment may still limit damage, but facility-wide spread is likely already underway.

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Where to Look: Detection Hotspots

Not all areas are equally at risk. Focus visual inspections here:

Check first: – Upper surfaces of older, lower leaves – Corners with poor airflow – Areas where leaves touch each other – Near the base of the plant

Check second: – Lower leaf surfaces – Leaf petioles and stems – Flower bracts and bud sites – Plants adjacent to any previously infected individual

High-risk conditions: – Humidity above 60% (optimal for PM at 95%+) – Temperature 68-86°F (20-30°C) – Poor air circulation or stagnant air pockets – Overcrowded plants with leaf-on-leaf contact – Recently introduced plant material (a common entry point)

One counterintuitive note: many growers assume low humidity prevents powdery mildew. It slows initial infection, but once PM is established, the fungus can continue growing even below 50% relative humidity. Humidity reduction is a preventive tool, not a cure.

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Powdery Mildew vs. Trichomes: The Critical Distinction

This comparison matters because the error goes in both directions – growers see PM and think “good frost,” and they sometimes see heavy trichome coverage and worry it's disease.

Feature	Powdery Mildew	Trichomes
Texture	Fuzzy, powdery, matte	Crystalline, glittery
Color	White to gray (can look dirty)	Translucent to milky white
Touch test	Transfers to finger, feels dusty	Sticky, doesn't transfer
Wipe test	Wipes off as powder	Firmly attached
Shape	Irregular patches with fuzzy edges	Distinct mushroom stalks (under magnification)
Location	Any leaf surface, starts on older lower leaves	Concentrated on flowers and sugar leaves
Distribution	Random colonies expanding outward	Uniform coating across surface
Smell	Musty in advanced infection	Resinous, aromatic

Three Tests to Confirm

Touch test. Lightly rub the white area with your finger. PM transfers as a dusty powder. Trichomes are sticky and stay on the plant.

Wipe test. Try to wipe the coating with a cloth. PM wipes off cleanly. Trichomes remain attached.

Magnification (10x loupe). Under magnification, trichomes show distinct mushroom-shaped heads on uniform stalks. PM looks like fuzzy, irregular filaments with no consistent structure.

If you're unsure after all three tests, assume it's PM and treat accordingly. The cost of a false positive – treating a healthy plant – is much lower than the cost of a false negative.

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Distinguishing From Other Conditions

Powdery Mildew vs. Bud Rot (Botrytis)

Both can appear during flowering, but they start in different places and look different up close.

• PM: Starts on leaf surfaces as white powder, spreads outward
• Bud rot: Starts inside dense bud tissue as gray-brown mold, spreads inward
• PM: Dry, wipes off as powder
• Bud rot: Slimy, penetrates tissue, leaves mushy gray-brown areas when probed

Powdery Mildew vs. Spider Mite Webbing

Heavy spider mite webbing can be confused with PM in advanced stages.

• PM: Powdery coating directly on leaf surfaces, no web structure
• Webbing: Actual filamentous strands connecting leaves and stems, visible as a network with tiny mites present
• PM: Surface phenomenon on the leaf
• Webbing: Spans between plant structures

Powdery Mildew vs. Fertilizer Residue

Spray residue and fertilizer salt deposits are a common false positive.

• PM: Fuzzy texture, grows and expands over days
• Residue: Crystalline, stays fixed, doesn't spread
• PM: Circular colonies from infection points
• Residue: Irregular splatter pattern matching where spray landed

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Treatment and Prevention

If You've Found It: Immediate Steps

1. Isolate the infected plant. Remove it from the grow space carefully – don't shake the leaves, which disperses spores.
2. Remove heavily infected leaves. Seal them in a bag before removal. Dispose of, don't compost.
3. Increase airflow immediately. Run oscillating fans, check that exhaust is adequate.

4. Apply treatment to the infected plant and all immediate neighbors:

   • Potassium bicarbonate spray (effective at any stage, flower-safe)
   • Copper-based fungicides (veg stage only)
   • Neem oil (veg stage only – off-gasses problematically in flower)
   • Commercial PM treatments labeled as flower-safe for late-stage infections

5. Inspect every other plant in the grow. Assume airborne spread has already occurred. Look for early colonies on older lower leaves of adjacent plants.

Prevention

Environmental control (most effective): – Maintain humidity below 60%, below 45% in late flower – Install oscillating fans for continuous air movement – Prevent leaf-on-leaf contact through spacing and selective defoliation – Maintain stable temperature – fluctuations create favorable infection windows – Consider HEPA filtration between grow cycles to reduce ambient spore load

Cultural practices: – Inspect plants daily, particularly lower leaves and poor-airflow corners – Quarantine any new plant material for at least two weeks before introducing to your grow – Sterilize tools between plants – Remove dead leaves promptly – they create moisture pockets

Preventive treatments (before symptoms appear): – UV-C light treatment between grow cycles kills residual spores – Preventive potassium bicarbonate or copper sprays provide significantly better protection than reactive treatment after symptoms appear – IPM programs that address PM as a standing preventive protocol, not a reactive one

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How AI Detection Works

Powdery mildew is fundamentally a texture classification problem – distinguishing the powdery, irregular surface of PM colonies from the crystalline structure of trichomes and the smooth surface of healthy leaf tissue.

PlantLab's model analyzes:

• Color contrast: White patches against green leaf tissue create a high-contrast signal the model identifies reliably
• Texture signature: PM colonies have a granular, matte surface texture measurably distinct from trichomes (crystalline) and healthy leaf (smooth with natural sheen)
• Colony geometry: PM grows in circular patterns from infection points with fuzzy, irregular edges – different from the uniform distribution of trichome coverage
• Location context: Where on the plant the pattern appears matters; PM preferentially affects older, lower leaves in early infection

Early-stage detection – colonies as small as 5mm – catches infection when treatment options are broadest. Automated daily scanning catches what manual inspection misses when you're managing more than a few plants.

Try it free at plantlab.ai – 3 diagnoses per day, no credit card required.

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FAQ

Can I smoke buds with powdery mildew? No. PM spores and fungal material can cause respiratory issues, particularly for anyone with lung conditions or compromised immunity. Infected flower should be disposed of, not consumed.

Does powdery mildew spread to other plants? Yes, rapidly. Airborne spores can reach every plant in a contained grow space within 5-10 days under favorable conditions. Isolate infected plants immediately and inspect everything nearby.

Can plants recover from powdery mildew? Mildly infected plants can survive and produce with aggressive treatment, but affected tissue doesn't recover. The goal is to stop the spread. Heavily infected plants in late flowering are usually a loss.

Does lowering humidity kill powdery mildew? It inhibits new infection but doesn't eliminate established colonies. PM can remain active even below 50% relative humidity once established. Humidity reduction is a prevention tool, not a cure for active infection.

When is powdery mildew most likely to appear? Typically around two weeks into flowering, when dense bud sites create microclimates with trapped humidity and reduced airflow. It can appear at any life stage given favorable conditions, but flowering onset is the highest-risk window.

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PlantLab's AI detects 31 cannabis conditions – including powdery mildew, bud rot, and 7 specific nutrient deficiencies. Start diagnosing free at plantlab.ai.

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Related reading

• Bud Rot and Root Rot in Cannabis: Detection Before It's Too Late – the other fungal threat that thrives in the same trapped humidity
• Spider Mites on Cannabis: Early Detection Before the Damage – the pest that shares PM's still-air, low-airflow risk pockets
• Build an Autonomous Plant Health Monitor with Node-RED – automate a daily photo check so PM gets caught at first spots
• What's Wrong With My Cannabis Plant? A Visual Diagnosis Guide – the full symptom-to-cause quick reference